Tragovi metalurških aktivnosti u kasnoantičkoj Romulijani - istraživanja 2002-2005
Traces of metallurgical activities in Late Roman Romuliana: Research 2002-2005
Апстракт
Završnim iskopavanjima u južnoj kuli zapadne kapije mlađeg utvrđenja Romulijane (kula 19), otkrivene su 2002. četiri kovačke i jedna livačka peć. Istraživanjima 2004-2005, na sektoru južno od Galerijevih termi u jugoistočnom delu Romulijane, pronađen je veliki metalurški objekat s kraja V - početka VI v. Pomenuta istraživanja dala su nove podatke o metalurškim aktivnostima u Romulijani u razdoblju od poslednje četvrtine IV do sredine VI v. Intenzivna metalurška aktivnost najverovatnije je otpočela tokom vladavine Anastasija I (491-518), u doba renesanse Priobalne Dakije, prethodno opustošene najezdom Huna i stalnim varvarskim upadima tokom druge polovine V v.
During the archaeological investigations of Gamzigrad (Romuliana) in 2002-2005, traces of metallurgical activities in Late Roman levels were noticed. In tower 19 (fig. 1), south of the West Gate of the later fortification, in two levels (figs. 2-3) dating from the end of the 4th to first decades of 5th century (layer D has, among other finds, yielded an antler comb, pl. VI/1), a smelting furnace (pl. I/2) as well as eight blacksmiths' forges were found (pl. I/1). In the area of the thermae, south to the Baths of Gallerius, two smithy forges of the same type, constructed of dry laid masonry and dating from the end of 4th - beginning of 5th century were found (pl. II/1-2). South-east of the baths, a large metallurgical structure, obviously occupying the south-east corner of the later fortification of Romuliana, was partially uncovered (fig. 4). The structure was of ca. 250 m2, comprising one large furnace (2.5 x 5 m) of horseshoe shape for smelting iron ore (fig. 4; pl. III/1-2), and fou...r additional smelting or smithy forges (fig. 4; pls. IV/2, V). So far, three rooms of a building opened toward the large yard have been discovered. On the floor level of the structure, slag (see profile on pl. IV/1), casting clay and sand along with casting moulds and ceramic smelting vessels were found. The stratigraphy and the archaeological finds (pl. VI/2), suggest that the activity of this metallurgical facility is to be dated in the end of 5th and first half of 6th century A.D.
Кључне речи:
topljenje gvožđa / Romulijana / metalurgija / kovanje / kasnoantički period / Gamzigrad / Dacia RipensisИзвор:
Glasnik Srpskog arheološkog društva, 2006, 22, 135-148Издавач:
- Srpsko arheološko društvo, Beograd
Институција/група
Археолошки институт / Institute of ArchaeologyTY - JOUR AU - Petković, Sofija AU - Živić, Maja PY - 2006 UR - http://rai.ai.ac.rs/handle/123456789/74 AB - Završnim iskopavanjima u južnoj kuli zapadne kapije mlađeg utvrđenja Romulijane (kula 19), otkrivene su 2002. četiri kovačke i jedna livačka peć. Istraživanjima 2004-2005, na sektoru južno od Galerijevih termi u jugoistočnom delu Romulijane, pronađen je veliki metalurški objekat s kraja V - početka VI v. Pomenuta istraživanja dala su nove podatke o metalurškim aktivnostima u Romulijani u razdoblju od poslednje četvrtine IV do sredine VI v. Intenzivna metalurška aktivnost najverovatnije je otpočela tokom vladavine Anastasija I (491-518), u doba renesanse Priobalne Dakije, prethodno opustošene najezdom Huna i stalnim varvarskim upadima tokom druge polovine V v. AB - During the archaeological investigations of Gamzigrad (Romuliana) in 2002-2005, traces of metallurgical activities in Late Roman levels were noticed. In tower 19 (fig. 1), south of the West Gate of the later fortification, in two levels (figs. 2-3) dating from the end of the 4th to first decades of 5th century (layer D has, among other finds, yielded an antler comb, pl. VI/1), a smelting furnace (pl. I/2) as well as eight blacksmiths' forges were found (pl. I/1). In the area of the thermae, south to the Baths of Gallerius, two smithy forges of the same type, constructed of dry laid masonry and dating from the end of 4th - beginning of 5th century were found (pl. II/1-2). South-east of the baths, a large metallurgical structure, obviously occupying the south-east corner of the later fortification of Romuliana, was partially uncovered (fig. 4). The structure was of ca. 250 m2, comprising one large furnace (2.5 x 5 m) of horseshoe shape for smelting iron ore (fig. 4; pl. III/1-2), and four additional smelting or smithy forges (fig. 4; pls. IV/2, V). So far, three rooms of a building opened toward the large yard have been discovered. On the floor level of the structure, slag (see profile on pl. IV/1), casting clay and sand along with casting moulds and ceramic smelting vessels were found. The stratigraphy and the archaeological finds (pl. VI/2), suggest that the activity of this metallurgical facility is to be dated in the end of 5th and first half of 6th century A.D. PB - Srpsko arheološko društvo, Beograd T2 - Glasnik Srpskog arheološkog društva T1 - Tragovi metalurških aktivnosti u kasnoantičkoj Romulijani - istraživanja 2002-2005 T1 - Traces of metallurgical activities in Late Roman Romuliana: Research 2002-2005 EP - 148 IS - 22 SP - 135 UR - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_74 ER -
@article{ author = "Petković, Sofija and Živić, Maja", year = "2006", abstract = "Završnim iskopavanjima u južnoj kuli zapadne kapije mlađeg utvrđenja Romulijane (kula 19), otkrivene su 2002. četiri kovačke i jedna livačka peć. Istraživanjima 2004-2005, na sektoru južno od Galerijevih termi u jugoistočnom delu Romulijane, pronađen je veliki metalurški objekat s kraja V - početka VI v. Pomenuta istraživanja dala su nove podatke o metalurškim aktivnostima u Romulijani u razdoblju od poslednje četvrtine IV do sredine VI v. Intenzivna metalurška aktivnost najverovatnije je otpočela tokom vladavine Anastasija I (491-518), u doba renesanse Priobalne Dakije, prethodno opustošene najezdom Huna i stalnim varvarskim upadima tokom druge polovine V v., During the archaeological investigations of Gamzigrad (Romuliana) in 2002-2005, traces of metallurgical activities in Late Roman levels were noticed. In tower 19 (fig. 1), south of the West Gate of the later fortification, in two levels (figs. 2-3) dating from the end of the 4th to first decades of 5th century (layer D has, among other finds, yielded an antler comb, pl. VI/1), a smelting furnace (pl. I/2) as well as eight blacksmiths' forges were found (pl. I/1). In the area of the thermae, south to the Baths of Gallerius, two smithy forges of the same type, constructed of dry laid masonry and dating from the end of 4th - beginning of 5th century were found (pl. II/1-2). South-east of the baths, a large metallurgical structure, obviously occupying the south-east corner of the later fortification of Romuliana, was partially uncovered (fig. 4). The structure was of ca. 250 m2, comprising one large furnace (2.5 x 5 m) of horseshoe shape for smelting iron ore (fig. 4; pl. III/1-2), and four additional smelting or smithy forges (fig. 4; pls. IV/2, V). So far, three rooms of a building opened toward the large yard have been discovered. On the floor level of the structure, slag (see profile on pl. IV/1), casting clay and sand along with casting moulds and ceramic smelting vessels were found. The stratigraphy and the archaeological finds (pl. VI/2), suggest that the activity of this metallurgical facility is to be dated in the end of 5th and first half of 6th century A.D.", publisher = "Srpsko arheološko društvo, Beograd", journal = "Glasnik Srpskog arheološkog društva", title = "Tragovi metalurških aktivnosti u kasnoantičkoj Romulijani - istraživanja 2002-2005, Traces of metallurgical activities in Late Roman Romuliana: Research 2002-2005", pages = "148-135", number = "22", url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_74" }
Petković, S.,& Živić, M.. (2006). Tragovi metalurških aktivnosti u kasnoantičkoj Romulijani - istraživanja 2002-2005. in Glasnik Srpskog arheološkog društva Srpsko arheološko društvo, Beograd.(22), 135-148. https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_74
Petković S, Živić M. Tragovi metalurških aktivnosti u kasnoantičkoj Romulijani - istraživanja 2002-2005. in Glasnik Srpskog arheološkog društva. 2006;(22):135-148. https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_74 .
Petković, Sofija, Živić, Maja, "Tragovi metalurških aktivnosti u kasnoantičkoj Romulijani - istraživanja 2002-2005" in Glasnik Srpskog arheološkog društva, no. 22 (2006):135-148, https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_74 .