Stereotypes as prototypes in the perception of women: a few remarks from history and folk tradition

Abstract

The perception of women in past centuries has often been based on preconceived ideas, models and patterns of behaviour, all of which formed stereotypes concerning women. Many stereotypes originated in the patriarchal environment and according to Christian moral principles. Not even ladies from imperial circles were spared of being labelled with diferent stereotypes, one of the most frequent being their modest provenance, and of being called harlots, courtesans or prostitutes. This perception was later taken to a new, deeper level in the centuries-long folk tradition, where women, often of foreign origin, from notable families or in high positions in the state, were considered cursed or guilty for something that a man was not supposed to be blamed for. These women were the objects of many legends and were often associated with demonic creatures and considered fairies or witches.