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The Role of Brick in Hydraulicity of Viminacium Mortars: Decorative Mortars from the Thermae

Uloga opeke u hidrauličnosti maltera Viminacijuma: dekorativni malteri građevine termi

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2015
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Authors
Nikolić, Emilija
Rogić, Dragana
Milovanović, Bebina
Article (Published version)
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Abstract
The hydraulicity of the Viminacium mortars is still somewhat unknown, but with laboratory analyses, performed on a small number of samples, and similar research performed worldwide, some conclusions can be drawn. These bring us closer to this topic, which again contribute to our becoming acquainted with the Viminacium building materials, their usage, behaviour in constructions and their mutual relationships. Throughout history, artificial products of soil, specifically bricks and ceramics, represent some of the most commonly used materials with pozzolanic features in the creation of hydraulic lime mortars. In accordance with their function, the Viminacium thermae represent a place with high levels of humidity in the air and water in a large number of rooms, thereby representing a suitable example for analysing the use of hydraulic mortars, which above all needed to be waterproof. This was achieved with the use of bricks, a material produced locally in Viminacium. Fragmentarily prese...rved remains of wall paintings from the Viminacium thermae are not only numerous and various, but they spatially also include almost all parts of the building. This paper includes the remains of decorative mortars discovered during archaeological research in 2004 and 2007 that had bricks in their structure, which was confirmed with a visual review of mortar cross-sections when brick was used in fragments. It was also suspected due to the reddish colour of some of the layers, most likely connected to the use of brick dust.

Keywords:
hydraulicity / lime mortar / brick / pozzolanic feature / decorative mortars / thermae / Viminacium
Source:
Archaeology and Science / Arheologija i prirodne nauke, 2015, 10(2014), 71-92
Publisher:
  • Center for New Technology Viminacium
  • Institute of Archaeology Belgrade
Funding / projects:
  • IRS - Viminacium, roman city and military legion camp - research of material and non-material of inhabitants by using the modern technologies of remote detection, geophysics, GIS, digitalisation and 3D visualisation (RS-47018)
[ Google Scholar ]
Handle
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_502
URI
http://rai.ai.ac.rs/handle/123456789/502
Collections
  • Radovi istraživača / Researchers’ publications
Institution/Community
Археолошки институт / Institute of Archaeology
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nikolić, Emilija
AU  - Rogić, Dragana
AU  - Milovanović, Bebina
PY  - 2015
UR  - http://rai.ai.ac.rs/handle/123456789/502
AB  - The hydraulicity of the Viminacium mortars is still somewhat unknown, but with laboratory analyses, performed on a small number of samples, and similar research performed worldwide, some conclusions can be drawn. These bring us closer to this topic, which again contribute to our becoming acquainted with the Viminacium building materials, their usage, behaviour in constructions and their mutual relationships. Throughout history, artificial products of soil, specifically bricks and ceramics, represent some of
the most commonly used materials with pozzolanic features in the creation of hydraulic lime mortars.
In accordance with their function, the Viminacium thermae represent a place with high levels of humidity in the air and water in a large number of rooms, thereby representing a suitable example for analysing the use of hydraulic mortars, which above all needed to be waterproof. This was achieved with the use of bricks, a material produced locally in Viminacium.
Fragmentarily preserved remains of wall paintings from the Viminacium thermae are not only numerous and various, but they spatially also include almost all parts of the building. This paper includes the remains of decorative mortars discovered during archaeological research in 2004 and 2007 that had bricks in their structure, which was confirmed with a visual review of mortar cross-sections when brick was used in fragments. It was also suspected due to the reddish colour of some of the layers, most likely connected to the use of brick dust.
PB  - Center for New Technology Viminacium
PB  - Institute of Archaeology Belgrade
T2  - Archaeology and Science / Arheologija i prirodne nauke
T1  - The Role of Brick in Hydraulicity of Viminacium Mortars: Decorative Mortars from the Thermae
T1  - Uloga opeke u hidrauličnosti maltera Viminacijuma: dekorativni malteri građevine termi
EP  - 92
SP  - 71
VL  - 10(2014)
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_502
ER  - 
@article{
author = "Nikolić, Emilija and Rogić, Dragana and Milovanović, Bebina",
year = "2015",
abstract = "The hydraulicity of the Viminacium mortars is still somewhat unknown, but with laboratory analyses, performed on a small number of samples, and similar research performed worldwide, some conclusions can be drawn. These bring us closer to this topic, which again contribute to our becoming acquainted with the Viminacium building materials, their usage, behaviour in constructions and their mutual relationships. Throughout history, artificial products of soil, specifically bricks and ceramics, represent some of
the most commonly used materials with pozzolanic features in the creation of hydraulic lime mortars.
In accordance with their function, the Viminacium thermae represent a place with high levels of humidity in the air and water in a large number of rooms, thereby representing a suitable example for analysing the use of hydraulic mortars, which above all needed to be waterproof. This was achieved with the use of bricks, a material produced locally in Viminacium.
Fragmentarily preserved remains of wall paintings from the Viminacium thermae are not only numerous and various, but they spatially also include almost all parts of the building. This paper includes the remains of decorative mortars discovered during archaeological research in 2004 and 2007 that had bricks in their structure, which was confirmed with a visual review of mortar cross-sections when brick was used in fragments. It was also suspected due to the reddish colour of some of the layers, most likely connected to the use of brick dust.",
publisher = "Center for New Technology Viminacium, Institute of Archaeology Belgrade",
journal = "Archaeology and Science / Arheologija i prirodne nauke",
title = "The Role of Brick in Hydraulicity of Viminacium Mortars: Decorative Mortars from the Thermae, Uloga opeke u hidrauličnosti maltera Viminacijuma: dekorativni malteri građevine termi",
pages = "92-71",
volume = "10(2014)",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_502"
}
Nikolić, E., Rogić, D.,& Milovanović, B.. (2015). The Role of Brick in Hydraulicity of Viminacium Mortars: Decorative Mortars from the Thermae. in Archaeology and Science / Arheologija i prirodne nauke
Center for New Technology Viminacium., 10(2014), 71-92.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_502
Nikolić E, Rogić D, Milovanović B. The Role of Brick in Hydraulicity of Viminacium Mortars: Decorative Mortars from the Thermae. in Archaeology and Science / Arheologija i prirodne nauke. 2015;10(2014):71-92.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_502 .
Nikolić, Emilija, Rogić, Dragana, Milovanović, Bebina, "The Role of Brick in Hydraulicity of Viminacium Mortars: Decorative Mortars from the Thermae" in Archaeology and Science / Arheologija i prirodne nauke, 10(2014) (2015):71-92,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_502 .

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