Prilog praistorijskoj stratigrafiji Feliks Romulijane u svetlu novih nalaza

Abstract

Sistematska istraživanja utvrđene carske palate Feliks Romulijana nedaleko od sela Gamzigrad, kao i njene bliže okoline, dala su obimnu arheološku građu iz gotovo svih perioda praistorije. Osim naselja obuhvaćenog bedemima antičkog utvrđenja, na ovom prostoru otkriveno je i nekoliko praistorijskih nekropola, kao i gradinskih i ravničarskih naselja. Istraživanja na Sektoru termi predstavila su kompletnu stratigrafiju sa horizontima od praistorije do srednjeg veka. Nakon uvida u celokupni praistorijski materijal iz svih prethodnih kampanja sistematskih istraživanja na Sektoru termi, može se zaključiti da praistorijsku kulturnu stratigrafiju čine nalazi iz perioda neolita, starijeg gvozdenog doba Basarabi horizonta i mlađeg gvozdenog doba latena, odnosno dakogetskog kulturnog kruga.

Decades of excavation at Gaierius's paiace, Feiix Romuiiana (fig. 1) near Gamzigrad village (Eastern Serbia) have yielded, in addition to archaeoiogicai material dated to the Roman period, a significant quantity of prehistoric finds (figs. 5-8; pi. I). Most of the sporadic prehistoric finds within the fortified palace were probably imported along with the earth used for leveling the layers (the earth was taken from the area north of the palace). Relatively continual occupation of the site and its 'immediate vicinity lasted from the Neolithic to the Mediaeval period. The continuity is, inter alia, demonstrated by the southern profile of the Square L XXIV-K XXIV (fig. 3) in the sector of the Thermae (fig. 1). Within the Thermae itself prehistoric finds were discovered in strata H and I (figs. 2, 4). Judging from the prehistoric archaeological material from the sector of the Thermae, the oldest pottery belongs to Neolithic Starčevo Culture (fig. 5/8; pl. I/9), followed by Early Iron Age (Basarabi) (figs. 5/1-7; 6/1-9; 7/1-11), and Late Iron Age, (La Tène and Daco-Getian) (fig. 8/1-13). Two bronze fibulae dated to the Late Iron Age were found in Tower 19 (pi. I/2; fig. 8/14), and a third in the sector of the Great Temple (pi. I/1). All three are to be dated to 1st century B.C.- 1st century. Within the same chronological span there was probably a settlement and per- haps a cemetery at Felix Romuliana or in its immediate vicinity.