Naselje Skordiska na lokalitetima Rit i Nad Klepečkom

Abstract

Lokaliteti Rit i Nad Klepečkom leže na lesnoj terasi koja se proteže paralelno sa severozapadnom iviciom Stiga i pruža u pravcu današnjeg Kostolca. Lokalitet Nad Klepečkomnalazi se na samoj lesnoj terasi, dok lokalitet Rit leži nekih 1 km severozapadno, premadanašnjoj desnoj obali Dunava. Istraživana površina nalazi se istočno od rimskog grada ilegijskog logora, te je u tom pogledu ulazila u sastav šire teritorije antičkog Viminacijuma.Prva istraživanja lokaliteta Nad Klepečkom vezuju se za sistematska rekognosciranja kojasu realizovana tokom 2004. godine, dok su prva iskopavanja zaštitnog karaktera započeta2008. godine, kako je lokalitet bio ugrožen površinskim kopom uglja Drmno. Tokom 2010.i 2011. godine registrovan je veći broj antičkih objekata, kao i dve nekropole iz periodaod II do III veka naše ere, uz jednu srednjovekovnu nekropolu (IX vek). Istraživanja sunastavljena i naredne, 2011. godine, s ciljem da se utvrdi postojanje puta prema Ramu(Lederata) na desnoj obali Dunava. Tom prilikom utvrđena je višeslojna priroda lokaliteta,kako su pored antičkih otkriveni i praistorijski i srednjovekovni nalazi. U 2013. godini, nalokalitetu je istražena jedna villa rusticaiz II veka naše ere, a praistorijski nalazi otkrivenisu i tom prilikom. Istovremeno sa ovim, tekla su i zaštitna istraživanja na obližnjem lokalitetu Rit. Iako je ovaj lokalitet registrovan i istražen probnim sondama već 2004/2005.godine, prva obimnija istraživanja realizovana su u vezi sa pomenutim površinskim kopom uglja Drmno. U periodu između 2011. i 2014. godine, istraženi su villa rustica iz II/III veka naše ere,villa iz III veka naše ere, kao i prateća nekropola i građevinski objekti različite namene. Istraživanja na lokalitetu Rit nastavljena su i tokom 2016. godine. Tokom svih pomenutih istraživanja otkriveni su pokretni nalazi iz različitih perioda praistorije.

The sites of Rit and Nad Klepečkom are located on a loess terrace which stretches parallel to the north-western edge of the Stig area in eastern Serbia and extends toward the present-day town of Kostolac. The site of Nad Klečkom is located on the loess terrace itself, while the site of Rit is positioned about 1 km to the north-west, towards the Danube River. The excavated area lies eastern from the legion fort and the city, and therefore it constituted the wider territory of the antique town of Viminacium. The first research at the site of Nad Klepečkom can be connected with the surveys that were carried out in the course of 2004, while first rescue excavations were initiated in 2008, due to the fact thatthe site was endangered by the “Drmno” coal seam. In the course of 2010 and 2011 a large number of Antique period structures were recorded, as well as two necropolises dated toa period between the 2nd and the 3rd century AD, and a Medieval necropolis from the 9th century AD. Excavations were continued in the following 2011 and concentrated toward the determination of the existence of road towards present-day Ram (antique Lederata) on the right bank of the Danube River. It was on that occasion that the multi-layered nature of the site was reliably confirmed, as prehistoric and Modern Era finds were recorded as well. In 2013, a villa rustica from the 2nd century AD was excavated on the site, and prehistoric finds were recorded once again. Simultaneously, rescue excavations were conducted on the nearby site of Rit. Although recorded and test-trenched back in 2004/2005, first large-scale excavations were conducted due to the danger presented by the mentioned“Drmno” coal seam. In the period between 2011 and 2014, a villa rustica dated to the 2nd/3rd century AD and another villa from the 3rd century AD was recorded at the site, as well as the concurrent necropolis and various artefacts. The excavations at the site were continued in the course of 2016 as well. All of the excavations yielded prehistoric finds.