TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vitezović, Selena
AU  - Antonović, Dragana
PY  - 2020
UR  - http://rai.ai.ac.rs/handle/123456789/352
AB  - Late Neolithic/Early Eneolithic Vina culture is marked by permanent, long-living settlements, increased production of different craft goods and early metallurgical activities. Economic activities were rich and diverse, and included not only strictly subsistence related ones, but also production of luxurious, prestige, "special" objects, such as figurines, personal ornaments, and many more. Furthermore, some studies also suggest that we may note the beginning of craft specialisation in the widest sense within the Vina. culture. On a regional scale, differences in economic activities may be observed among different settlements and also in presence/absence of some artefact types. This may reflect a certain level of functional differentiation and possibly specialisation between different settlements, as noted, for example, among the Neolithic communities in Greece. In this paper, we will focus on the analyses of everyday lithic and osseous tools, in order to examine the differences in everyday activities, raw material management and craft production among different settlements. Through comparative analysis, we will examine the possible presence of a functional differentiation between different Vina culture settlements and its extent.
PB  - Elsevier Ltd, Oxford
T2  - Quaternary International
T1  - Functional differentiation and possible regional specialisation of the Vinca culture settlements: Viewpoint from osseous and lithic industries
EP  - 48
SP  - 39
VL  - 539
DO  - 10.1016/j.quaint.2018.12.029
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Vitezović, Selena and Antonović, Dragana",
year = "2020",
abstract = "Late Neolithic/Early Eneolithic Vina culture is marked by permanent, long-living settlements, increased production of different craft goods and early metallurgical activities. Economic activities were rich and diverse, and included not only strictly subsistence related ones, but also production of luxurious, prestige, "special" objects, such as figurines, personal ornaments, and many more. Furthermore, some studies also suggest that we may note the beginning of craft specialisation in the widest sense within the Vina. culture. On a regional scale, differences in economic activities may be observed among different settlements and also in presence/absence of some artefact types. This may reflect a certain level of functional differentiation and possibly specialisation between different settlements, as noted, for example, among the Neolithic communities in Greece. In this paper, we will focus on the analyses of everyday lithic and osseous tools, in order to examine the differences in everyday activities, raw material management and craft production among different settlements. Through comparative analysis, we will examine the possible presence of a functional differentiation between different Vina culture settlements and its extent.",
publisher = "Elsevier Ltd, Oxford",
journal = "Quaternary International",
title = "Functional differentiation and possible regional specialisation of the Vinca culture settlements: Viewpoint from osseous and lithic industries",
pages = "48-39",
volume = "539",
doi = "10.1016/j.quaint.2018.12.029"
}

Vitezović, S.,& Antonović, D.. (2020). Functional differentiation and possible regional specialisation of the Vinca culture settlements: Viewpoint from osseous and lithic industries. in Quaternary International
Elsevier Ltd, Oxford., 539, 39-48.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2018.12.029

Vitezović S, Antonović D. Functional differentiation and possible regional specialisation of the Vinca culture settlements: Viewpoint from osseous and lithic industries. in Quaternary International. 2020;539:39-48.
doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2018.12.029 .

Vitezović, Selena, Antonović, Dragana, "Functional differentiation and possible regional specialisation of the Vinca culture settlements: Viewpoint from osseous and lithic industries" in Quaternary International, 539 (2020):39-48,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2018.12.029 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Petković, Sofija
AU  - Petković, Sofija
AU  - Gojković, Dragica
AU  - Bulatović, Jelena
PY  - 2020
UR  - http://rai.ai.ac.rs/handle/123456789/339
AB  - Na istočnim padinama brda Slog u Ravni, oko 400 m zapadno od rimskog utvrđenja Timacum Minus, u periodu između 1994. i 1996. i između 2013. i 2015. godine, na višeslojnoj nekropoli sprovedena su arheološka istraživanja. Dva glavna horizonta korišćenja nekropole hronološki su opredeljena u kasnorimski i ranosrednjovekovni period. Kasnorimska nekropola sa tri faze datovana je u period od sredine 4. do sredine 5. veka, dok je za ranosrednjovekovnu nekropolu, na osnovu novih arheoloških iskopavanja, utvrđeno da je imala dve faze: raniju - datovanu u period 8-9. veka, i kasniju - od kraja 9. do početka 11. veka. Tokom iskopavanja 2014. godine, u starijem ranosrednjovekovnom horizontu nekropole otkriven je jedan zanimljiv grob (G 159), koji predstavlja jedinstven nalaz na čitavoj nekropoli. Žena u ovom grobu (G 159) bila je sahranjena u jednostavnoj ovalnoj raki, na leđima i s rukama ispruženim pored tela. Grob je bio orijentisan u pravcu zapad-istok, sa devijacijom manjom od 5º ka jugu. Ceo skelet žene bio je slabo očuvan - neke kosti su bile dislocirane, a neke su nedostajale. Posebno zanimljiv nalaz jeste skelet životinje koji je pronađen zapadno od ženine glave, u savijenom položaju, tako što je glava životinje bila naslonjena na levu stranu glave žene. Žena je bila sahranjena sa brojnim grobnim prilozima, na osnovu kojih je TA sahrana opredeljena u period 8-9. veka. Antropološka analiza je pokazala da je žena u trenutku smrti imala između 40 i 45 godina. Uočene patološke promene na njenim kostima svedoče da je patila od osteoartritisa. Te osteoartričine lezije, zajedno sa naglašenim pripojima mišića, upućuju na to da se tokom života bavila teškim fizičkim aktivnostima. Ante-mortem gubitak svih zuba iz njene donje vilice predstavlja veoma zanimljivu i još uvek nerazjašnjenu pojavu. S jedne strane, moguće je da je to stanje posledica nekog dentalnog oboljenja, dok je, s druge, možda i rezultat mutilacije - namernog sakaćenja pokojnice. Međutim, ovo tumačenje treba uzeti sa dozom rezerve budući da adekvatne analogije takve prakse još nisu pronađene. Arheozoološka analiza je pokazala da skelet životinje sahranjene u grobu sa ženom pripada odrasloj lisici, staroj između dve i četiri godine. Budući da se izračunata visina grebena ove jedinke od 41,3 cm nalazi u gornjem opsegu visina grebena lisica, može se pretpostaviti da skelet pripada mužjaku lisice, a nepostojanje tragova glodanja i raspadanja na skeletnim ostacima ukazuje na to da je životinja pohranjena brzo posle smrti. Ako se ima u vidu položaj lisice i njeno mesto u grobu u odnosu na sahranjenu ženu, može se zaključiti da se radi o istovremenom događaju, to jest sahrani. Na osnovu svih podataka kao i detaljne arheološke, antropološke i arheozoološke analize groba 159 (G 159) na nekropoli Slog u Ravni, može se zaključiti sledeće: da je ova sredovečna žena bila istaknutog društvenog statusa u ranosrednjovekovnom naselju u Ravni, da je imala antemortem gubitak svih zuba iz donje vilice (mutilacija ?), da je bila sahranjena sa odraslim mužjakom lisice, s kojim je verovatno imala neku posebnu vrstu veze, i da se ova pogrebna praksa možda može povezati sa šamanizmom. Jedina analogija za takvu pogrebnu praksu kod nas do sada je zabeležena na avarskoj nekropoli Pionirska ulica - Bečej (grob 16) u Vojvodini i datuje se u ranoavarski period. Sahrana u grobu 159 sa nekropole Slog mlađa je jedno stoleće i ukazuje na moguće uticaje stepsko-nomadskih zajednica, pre svega Bugara.
AB  - On the Eastern slope of Slog Hill in Ravna, some 400 m to the West of the Roman fortification of Timacum Minus, a multilayered necropolis was investigated from 1994 to 1996 and from 2013 to 2015. There are two main horizons of the necropolis - Late Roman and Early Medieval. The late Roman necropolis has three phases dated from the middle of the 4th to the middle of the 5th century. The early medieval necropolis, according to the new excavations, has two phases, the earlier dated to the 8th - 9th centuries and the later from the end of the 9th to the beginning of the 11th century. An interesting grave (G 159), belonging to the earlier medieval phase of necropolis, was discovered in 2014. It is a unique burial of a woman and a fox, which has its only analogy in a disturbed woman and fox grave (grave 16) at the early Avar necropolis in Bečej. The burial with a fox could be interpreted in two ways - that the animal has a cult - ritual - magic meaning or that the fox was a pet of the deceased.
PB  - Arheološki institut, Beograd
T2  - Starinar
T1  - Ranosrednjovekovna sahrana žene i lisice na nekropoli Slog u Ravni (Timacum Minus) u istočnoj Srbiji
T1  - Early medieval burial of woman and fox at the Slog necropolis in Ravna (Timacum Minus) in Eastern Serbia
EP  - 255
IS  - 70
SP  - 239
DO  - 10.2298/STA2070239P
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Petković, Sofija and Petković, Sofija and Gojković, Dragica and Bulatović, Jelena",
year = "2020",
abstract = "Na istočnim padinama brda Slog u Ravni, oko 400 m zapadno od rimskog utvrđenja Timacum Minus, u periodu između 1994. i 1996. i između 2013. i 2015. godine, na višeslojnoj nekropoli sprovedena su arheološka istraživanja. Dva glavna horizonta korišćenja nekropole hronološki su opredeljena u kasnorimski i ranosrednjovekovni period. Kasnorimska nekropola sa tri faze datovana je u period od sredine 4. do sredine 5. veka, dok je za ranosrednjovekovnu nekropolu, na osnovu novih arheoloških iskopavanja, utvrđeno da je imala dve faze: raniju - datovanu u period 8-9. veka, i kasniju - od kraja 9. do početka 11. veka. Tokom iskopavanja 2014. godine, u starijem ranosrednjovekovnom horizontu nekropole otkriven je jedan zanimljiv grob (G 159), koji predstavlja jedinstven nalaz na čitavoj nekropoli. Žena u ovom grobu (G 159) bila je sahranjena u jednostavnoj ovalnoj raki, na leđima i s rukama ispruženim pored tela. Grob je bio orijentisan u pravcu zapad-istok, sa devijacijom manjom od 5º ka jugu. Ceo skelet žene bio je slabo očuvan - neke kosti su bile dislocirane, a neke su nedostajale. Posebno zanimljiv nalaz jeste skelet životinje koji je pronađen zapadno od ženine glave, u savijenom položaju, tako što je glava životinje bila naslonjena na levu stranu glave žene. Žena je bila sahranjena sa brojnim grobnim prilozima, na osnovu kojih je TA sahrana opredeljena u period 8-9. veka. Antropološka analiza je pokazala da je žena u trenutku smrti imala između 40 i 45 godina. Uočene patološke promene na njenim kostima svedoče da je patila od osteoartritisa. Te osteoartričine lezije, zajedno sa naglašenim pripojima mišića, upućuju na to da se tokom života bavila teškim fizičkim aktivnostima. Ante-mortem gubitak svih zuba iz njene donje vilice predstavlja veoma zanimljivu i još uvek nerazjašnjenu pojavu. S jedne strane, moguće je da je to stanje posledica nekog dentalnog oboljenja, dok je, s druge, možda i rezultat mutilacije - namernog sakaćenja pokojnice. Međutim, ovo tumačenje treba uzeti sa dozom rezerve budući da adekvatne analogije takve prakse još nisu pronađene. Arheozoološka analiza je pokazala da skelet životinje sahranjene u grobu sa ženom pripada odrasloj lisici, staroj između dve i četiri godine. Budući da se izračunata visina grebena ove jedinke od 41,3 cm nalazi u gornjem opsegu visina grebena lisica, može se pretpostaviti da skelet pripada mužjaku lisice, a nepostojanje tragova glodanja i raspadanja na skeletnim ostacima ukazuje na to da je životinja pohranjena brzo posle smrti. Ako se ima u vidu položaj lisice i njeno mesto u grobu u odnosu na sahranjenu ženu, može se zaključiti da se radi o istovremenom događaju, to jest sahrani. Na osnovu svih podataka kao i detaljne arheološke, antropološke i arheozoološke analize groba 159 (G 159) na nekropoli Slog u Ravni, može se zaključiti sledeće: da je ova sredovečna žena bila istaknutog društvenog statusa u ranosrednjovekovnom naselju u Ravni, da je imala antemortem gubitak svih zuba iz donje vilice (mutilacija ?), da je bila sahranjena sa odraslim mužjakom lisice, s kojim je verovatno imala neku posebnu vrstu veze, i da se ova pogrebna praksa možda može povezati sa šamanizmom. Jedina analogija za takvu pogrebnu praksu kod nas do sada je zabeležena na avarskoj nekropoli Pionirska ulica - Bečej (grob 16) u Vojvodini i datuje se u ranoavarski period. Sahrana u grobu 159 sa nekropole Slog mlađa je jedno stoleće i ukazuje na moguće uticaje stepsko-nomadskih zajednica, pre svega Bugara., On the Eastern slope of Slog Hill in Ravna, some 400 m to the West of the Roman fortification of Timacum Minus, a multilayered necropolis was investigated from 1994 to 1996 and from 2013 to 2015. There are two main horizons of the necropolis - Late Roman and Early Medieval. The late Roman necropolis has three phases dated from the middle of the 4th to the middle of the 5th century. The early medieval necropolis, according to the new excavations, has two phases, the earlier dated to the 8th - 9th centuries and the later from the end of the 9th to the beginning of the 11th century. An interesting grave (G 159), belonging to the earlier medieval phase of necropolis, was discovered in 2014. It is a unique burial of a woman and a fox, which has its only analogy in a disturbed woman and fox grave (grave 16) at the early Avar necropolis in Bečej. The burial with a fox could be interpreted in two ways - that the animal has a cult - ritual - magic meaning or that the fox was a pet of the deceased.",
publisher = "Arheološki institut, Beograd",
journal = "Starinar",
title = "Ranosrednjovekovna sahrana žene i lisice na nekropoli Slog u Ravni (Timacum Minus) u istočnoj Srbiji, Early medieval burial of woman and fox at the Slog necropolis in Ravna (Timacum Minus) in Eastern Serbia",
pages = "255-239",
number = "70",
doi = "10.2298/STA2070239P"
}

Petković, S., Petković, S., Gojković, D.,& Bulatović, J.. (2020). Ranosrednjovekovna sahrana žene i lisice na nekropoli Slog u Ravni (Timacum Minus) u istočnoj Srbiji. in Starinar
Arheološki institut, Beograd.(70), 239-255.
https://doi.org/10.2298/STA2070239P

Petković S, Petković S, Gojković D, Bulatović J. Ranosrednjovekovna sahrana žene i lisice na nekropoli Slog u Ravni (Timacum Minus) u istočnoj Srbiji. in Starinar. 2020;(70):239-255.
doi:10.2298/STA2070239P .

Petković, Sofija, Petković, Sofija, Gojković, Dragica, Bulatović, Jelena, "Ranosrednjovekovna sahrana žene i lisice na nekropoli Slog u Ravni (Timacum Minus) u istočnoj Srbiji" in Starinar, no. 70 (2020):239-255,
https://doi.org/10.2298/STA2070239P . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Živaljević, Ivana
AU  - Vuković-Bogdanović, Sonja I.
AU  - Bogdanović, Ivan
PY  - 2019
UR  - http://rai.ai.ac.rs/handle/123456789/302
AB  - Položaj Viminacijuma, rimskog grada i legijskog logora smeštenog u blizini ušća Mlave u Dunav (sl. 1), ukazuje da su njegovi stanovnici imali direktan pristup rečnim izvorima hrane, te je riba najverovatnije činila deo njihove ishrane. Međutim, relativno se malo zna o ribolovu u rimskom periodu u ovom delu Podunavlja, a ribolovačke aktivnosti često ostaju arheološki manje vidljive ili nedovoljno proučene. Ova okolnost se može objasniti slabijim mogućnostima očuvanja ribljih kostiju, njihovom poroznošću i generalno malim dimenzijama, što dovodi do toga da se po pravilu previde (posebno u slučaju sitnijih vrsta) prilikom ručnog sakupljanja materijala. Tako su u velikoj faunističkoj zbirci sa Viminacijuma riblje kosti zastupljene sa svega nekoliko desetina primeraka, za razliku od kostiju sisara čiji broj iznosi više od 20.000. Međutim, iako malobrojni, riblji ostaci sa Viminacijuma predstavljaju važan izvor podataka o ishrani i snabdevanju ribom, ribolovačkim praksama, odabiru vrsta i veličini ulova, kao i o potencijalnim razlikama u prehrambenim navikama i pristupu kvalitetnijoj ribi u gradu i u njegovoj okolini. U ovom radu su prikazani rezultati arheozoološke analize ribljih ostataka koji su do sada konstatovani na tri različite lokacije na Viminacijumu: na području amfiteatra, koji se nalazi u užem gradskom jezgru, u otpadnom prostoru, koji se nalazio u okviru istočne nekropole, udaljene oko 450 m od legijskog utvrđenja (lokalitet Pirivoj), i u naselju, koje je predstavljalo ekonomsko-industrijski centar, udaljen oko 2,5 km od legijskog utvrđenja (lokalitet Nad Klepečkom) (sl. 2). Osim arheozooloških podataka, u radu su prikazani i nalazi ribolovačke opreme sa Viminacijuma, koji pružaju širu sliku o ribarskim tehnikama, kao i relevantni istorijski izvori u cilju boljeg sagledavanja mogućih značenja koja su pridavana različitim vrstama riba. Riblji faunistički uzorak sa Viminacijuma čine 74 primerka kostiju, a od toga 48 potiče sa prostora amfiteatra, 22 sa lokaliteta Nad Klepečkom i 4 sa Pirivoja (tabela 1; sl. 3). U uzorku su zastupljene slatkovodne ribe, koje su po svoj prilici lovljene u Mlavi i Dunavu: vrste iz porodice šaranki (šaran Cyprinus carpio i bucov Aspius aspius, sl. 4), štuka (Esox lucius, sl. 5), smuđ (Sander lucioperca, sl. 6) i som (Silurus glanis, sl. 7). Od toga se jedino kosti šaranki i soma javljaju i izvan gradskog jezgra, što bi moglo ukazivati na to da su se tim ribama hranili stanovnici grada i okoline, ali i da su se one mogle koristiti u okviru pogrebnih rituala na prostoru istočne nekropole Viminacijuma. U slučaju uzorka sa amfiteatra, kosti šarana, štuke, smuđa i soma bile su očuvane u dovoljnoj meri, te je bilo moguće izmeriti ih i rekonstruisati veličinu primeraka (tabela 2). Većinom su u pitanju bile krupne jedinke, što se moglo i očekivati budući da ostaci sitnijih riba verovatno nisu sakupljeni. Pored toga, može se pretpostaviti da je najbolji ulov iz obližnjih reka verovatno stizao na trpezu stanovnika grada i legijskog logora. Pored slatkovodnih vrsta, u uzorku sa amfiteatra identifikovani su i ostaci krupnih riba iz porodice jesetrovki, koje su sve do izgradnje đerdapskih brana migrirale u Dunav iz Crnog mora. U pitanju su ostaci ruske jesetre (Acipenser gueldenstaedtii), pastruge (Acipenser stellatus), kečige (Acipenser ruthenus) (jedine slatkovodne jesetrovke) (sl. 8) i posebno brojni ostaci morune (Huso huso, sl. 9), najvećeg predstavnika ove porodice. Prilično veliki broj kostiju jesetrovki u uzorku, njihove impresivne dimenzije (tabela 2), kao i kontekst nalaza (isključivo prostor amfiteatra) ukazuju na to da su te ribe bile posebno cenjene i verovatno namenjene određenim slojevima gradskog stanovništva. Najimpresivniji ulov predstavljale su svakako morune, budući da je većina izmerenih kostiju poticala od primeraka koji su bili dugi između 3 m i 3,5 m, ali su lovljeni i krupniji primerci, dugi i preko 5 m (sl. 10). Poseban kuriozitet je to što su te ogromne ribe dopremane u komadu, budući da veći broj tragova kasapljenja na kostima (sl. 9) ukazuje da su pripremane za konzumaciju u samom gradu. Ovaj podatak postaje još značajniji ako se uzme u obzir i to da su se od praistorije do izgradnje brana najbolja mesta za ribolov na jesetrovke nalazila na području Đerdapa (sl. 11), nizvodno oko 100 km od Viminacijuma. Iako Elijanovo delo De Natura Animalium ne predstavlja izvor iz prve ruke, u njemu opisani ribolov na dunavske jesetrovke, u okviru pejzaža koji podseća na Đerdap, navodi na pretpostavku da je ovo ribarsko područje bilo u upotrebi i tokom rimskog perioda. Moglo bi se stoga pretpostaviti da su i jesetrovke koje su se konzumirale u Viminacijumu stizale iz ove oblasti, moguće sušene, usoljene ili čak i žive. Određeni pisani izvori dodatno ukazuju na status koje su jesetrovke uživale u rimskom periodu - i kao poslastice na gozbama, ali i kao statusni simboli. Marcijal u Epigramima (Epigrammata) navodi da su ove ribe dostojne carske trpeze, a Makrobije ih u svom delu Saturnalia (navodeći reči različitih antičkih autora) opisuje kao retke poslastice, previše vredne da bi se delile s drugima, pa čak i kao božanstva čije su iznošenje na trpezu pratile sluge i zvuci frule. Iako se Marcijal i Makrobije ne osvrću konkretno na jesetrovke iz Dunava, može se pretpostaviti da su ove krupne ribe i doživljavane na sličan način i u Viminacijumu, kao i u drugim podunavskim gradovima. Pored ribljih ostataka, određen uvid u ribolovne tehnike pružaju i sporadični nalazi ribolovačke opreme sa Viminacijuma - tegovi za mreže i udice (sl. 12). Osim na Viminacijumu, takvi predmeti poznati su i sa drugih lokaliteta na dunavskom limesu. Pored lokalno dostupne i migratorne ribe, koja je verovatno dopremana sa Đerdapa, određeni stanovnici Viminacijuma su se po svoj prilici snabdevali i morskom hranom nabavljenom iz udaljenih oblasti. Direktna svedočanstva o trgovini iz mediteranskih oblasti predstavljaju ljušture mekušaca, a ona indirektna jesu određeni tipovi amfora koje su verovatno sadržale proizvode od prerađene morske ribe i riblje soseve. Iako malobrojni, ostaci riba sa Viminacijuma, kao i nalazi ribolovačke opreme i amfora korišćenih verovatno za transport ribljih proizvoda pružaju važne podatke o ishrani i snabdevanju ribom na prostoru glavnog grada provincije i njegove okoline. Lokalno dostupne slatkovodne vrste, poput šarana i soma, konzumirale su se po svoj prilici i u gradu i u njegovoj okolini, a moguće je i da su korišćene u okviru pogrebnih rituala. Međutim, kvalitetnija riba (poput jesetrovki) verovatno je konzumirana u određenim prilikama i/ili krugovima, predstavljajući važan deo društvenog života u gradu i način za isticanje statusa. Ne treba isključiti ni mogućnost da su se sitnije, lokalno dostupne ribe, čiji se ostaci generalno previde prilikom ručnog sakupljanja, konzumirale mnogo češće i među svim slojevima društva.
AB  - The paper presents the results of archaezoological analysis of fish remains from three locations at Viminacium (the Amphitheatre, Nad Klepečkom and Pirivoj), discussed jointly with finds of fishing equipment and relevant written sources on the subject. Albeit small and biased due to the hand-collection of animal bones, the fish faunal assemblage from Vimincium provides valuable data on the choice of exploited species, fishing and fish transportation practices, and patterns of consumption and deposition in the city and its surroundings. In addition to remains of locally available freshwater fish, occurring at all three sites, the Amphitheatre sample contained the remains of large anadromous sturgeons, possibly obtained from the downstream, Iron Gates area. Their size, contextual provenance, as well as their exceptional status according to written sources, indicates that there had been notable differences in access to high-quality fish among the different social classes at Viminacium.
PB  - Arheološki institut, Beograd
T2  - Starinar
T1  - Ad palatinas acipensem mittite mensas: Fish remains from Viminacium
EP  - 202
IS  - 69
SP  - 183
DO  - 10.2298/STa1969183Z
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Živaljević, Ivana and Vuković-Bogdanović, Sonja I. and Bogdanović, Ivan",
year = "2019",
abstract = "Položaj Viminacijuma, rimskog grada i legijskog logora smeštenog u blizini ušća Mlave u Dunav (sl. 1), ukazuje da su njegovi stanovnici imali direktan pristup rečnim izvorima hrane, te je riba najverovatnije činila deo njihove ishrane. Međutim, relativno se malo zna o ribolovu u rimskom periodu u ovom delu Podunavlja, a ribolovačke aktivnosti često ostaju arheološki manje vidljive ili nedovoljno proučene. Ova okolnost se može objasniti slabijim mogućnostima očuvanja ribljih kostiju, njihovom poroznošću i generalno malim dimenzijama, što dovodi do toga da se po pravilu previde (posebno u slučaju sitnijih vrsta) prilikom ručnog sakupljanja materijala. Tako su u velikoj faunističkoj zbirci sa Viminacijuma riblje kosti zastupljene sa svega nekoliko desetina primeraka, za razliku od kostiju sisara čiji broj iznosi više od 20.000. Međutim, iako malobrojni, riblji ostaci sa Viminacijuma predstavljaju važan izvor podataka o ishrani i snabdevanju ribom, ribolovačkim praksama, odabiru vrsta i veličini ulova, kao i o potencijalnim razlikama u prehrambenim navikama i pristupu kvalitetnijoj ribi u gradu i u njegovoj okolini. U ovom radu su prikazani rezultati arheozoološke analize ribljih ostataka koji su do sada konstatovani na tri različite lokacije na Viminacijumu: na području amfiteatra, koji se nalazi u užem gradskom jezgru, u otpadnom prostoru, koji se nalazio u okviru istočne nekropole, udaljene oko 450 m od legijskog utvrđenja (lokalitet Pirivoj), i u naselju, koje je predstavljalo ekonomsko-industrijski centar, udaljen oko 2,5 km od legijskog utvrđenja (lokalitet Nad Klepečkom) (sl. 2). Osim arheozooloških podataka, u radu su prikazani i nalazi ribolovačke opreme sa Viminacijuma, koji pružaju širu sliku o ribarskim tehnikama, kao i relevantni istorijski izvori u cilju boljeg sagledavanja mogućih značenja koja su pridavana različitim vrstama riba. Riblji faunistički uzorak sa Viminacijuma čine 74 primerka kostiju, a od toga 48 potiče sa prostora amfiteatra, 22 sa lokaliteta Nad Klepečkom i 4 sa Pirivoja (tabela 1; sl. 3). U uzorku su zastupljene slatkovodne ribe, koje su po svoj prilici lovljene u Mlavi i Dunavu: vrste iz porodice šaranki (šaran Cyprinus carpio i bucov Aspius aspius, sl. 4), štuka (Esox lucius, sl. 5), smuđ (Sander lucioperca, sl. 6) i som (Silurus glanis, sl. 7). Od toga se jedino kosti šaranki i soma javljaju i izvan gradskog jezgra, što bi moglo ukazivati na to da su se tim ribama hranili stanovnici grada i okoline, ali i da su se one mogle koristiti u okviru pogrebnih rituala na prostoru istočne nekropole Viminacijuma. U slučaju uzorka sa amfiteatra, kosti šarana, štuke, smuđa i soma bile su očuvane u dovoljnoj meri, te je bilo moguće izmeriti ih i rekonstruisati veličinu primeraka (tabela 2). Većinom su u pitanju bile krupne jedinke, što se moglo i očekivati budući da ostaci sitnijih riba verovatno nisu sakupljeni. Pored toga, može se pretpostaviti da je najbolji ulov iz obližnjih reka verovatno stizao na trpezu stanovnika grada i legijskog logora. Pored slatkovodnih vrsta, u uzorku sa amfiteatra identifikovani su i ostaci krupnih riba iz porodice jesetrovki, koje su sve do izgradnje đerdapskih brana migrirale u Dunav iz Crnog mora. U pitanju su ostaci ruske jesetre (Acipenser gueldenstaedtii), pastruge (Acipenser stellatus), kečige (Acipenser ruthenus) (jedine slatkovodne jesetrovke) (sl. 8) i posebno brojni ostaci morune (Huso huso, sl. 9), najvećeg predstavnika ove porodice. Prilično veliki broj kostiju jesetrovki u uzorku, njihove impresivne dimenzije (tabela 2), kao i kontekst nalaza (isključivo prostor amfiteatra) ukazuju na to da su te ribe bile posebno cenjene i verovatno namenjene određenim slojevima gradskog stanovništva. Najimpresivniji ulov predstavljale su svakako morune, budući da je većina izmerenih kostiju poticala od primeraka koji su bili dugi između 3 m i 3,5 m, ali su lovljeni i krupniji primerci, dugi i preko 5 m (sl. 10). Poseban kuriozitet je to što su te ogromne ribe dopremane u komadu, budući da veći broj tragova kasapljenja na kostima (sl. 9) ukazuje da su pripremane za konzumaciju u samom gradu. Ovaj podatak postaje još značajniji ako se uzme u obzir i to da su se od praistorije do izgradnje brana najbolja mesta za ribolov na jesetrovke nalazila na području Đerdapa (sl. 11), nizvodno oko 100 km od Viminacijuma. Iako Elijanovo delo De Natura Animalium ne predstavlja izvor iz prve ruke, u njemu opisani ribolov na dunavske jesetrovke, u okviru pejzaža koji podseća na Đerdap, navodi na pretpostavku da je ovo ribarsko područje bilo u upotrebi i tokom rimskog perioda. Moglo bi se stoga pretpostaviti da su i jesetrovke koje su se konzumirale u Viminacijumu stizale iz ove oblasti, moguće sušene, usoljene ili čak i žive. Određeni pisani izvori dodatno ukazuju na status koje su jesetrovke uživale u rimskom periodu - i kao poslastice na gozbama, ali i kao statusni simboli. Marcijal u Epigramima (Epigrammata) navodi da su ove ribe dostojne carske trpeze, a Makrobije ih u svom delu Saturnalia (navodeći reči različitih antičkih autora) opisuje kao retke poslastice, previše vredne da bi se delile s drugima, pa čak i kao božanstva čije su iznošenje na trpezu pratile sluge i zvuci frule. Iako se Marcijal i Makrobije ne osvrću konkretno na jesetrovke iz Dunava, može se pretpostaviti da su ove krupne ribe i doživljavane na sličan način i u Viminacijumu, kao i u drugim podunavskim gradovima. Pored ribljih ostataka, određen uvid u ribolovne tehnike pružaju i sporadični nalazi ribolovačke opreme sa Viminacijuma - tegovi za mreže i udice (sl. 12). Osim na Viminacijumu, takvi predmeti poznati su i sa drugih lokaliteta na dunavskom limesu. Pored lokalno dostupne i migratorne ribe, koja je verovatno dopremana sa Đerdapa, određeni stanovnici Viminacijuma su se po svoj prilici snabdevali i morskom hranom nabavljenom iz udaljenih oblasti. Direktna svedočanstva o trgovini iz mediteranskih oblasti predstavljaju ljušture mekušaca, a ona indirektna jesu određeni tipovi amfora koje su verovatno sadržale proizvode od prerađene morske ribe i riblje soseve. Iako malobrojni, ostaci riba sa Viminacijuma, kao i nalazi ribolovačke opreme i amfora korišćenih verovatno za transport ribljih proizvoda pružaju važne podatke o ishrani i snabdevanju ribom na prostoru glavnog grada provincije i njegove okoline. Lokalno dostupne slatkovodne vrste, poput šarana i soma, konzumirale su se po svoj prilici i u gradu i u njegovoj okolini, a moguće je i da su korišćene u okviru pogrebnih rituala. Međutim, kvalitetnija riba (poput jesetrovki) verovatno je konzumirana u određenim prilikama i/ili krugovima, predstavljajući važan deo društvenog života u gradu i način za isticanje statusa. Ne treba isključiti ni mogućnost da su se sitnije, lokalno dostupne ribe, čiji se ostaci generalno previde prilikom ručnog sakupljanja, konzumirale mnogo češće i među svim slojevima društva., The paper presents the results of archaezoological analysis of fish remains from three locations at Viminacium (the Amphitheatre, Nad Klepečkom and Pirivoj), discussed jointly with finds of fishing equipment and relevant written sources on the subject. Albeit small and biased due to the hand-collection of animal bones, the fish faunal assemblage from Vimincium provides valuable data on the choice of exploited species, fishing and fish transportation practices, and patterns of consumption and deposition in the city and its surroundings. In addition to remains of locally available freshwater fish, occurring at all three sites, the Amphitheatre sample contained the remains of large anadromous sturgeons, possibly obtained from the downstream, Iron Gates area. Their size, contextual provenance, as well as their exceptional status according to written sources, indicates that there had been notable differences in access to high-quality fish among the different social classes at Viminacium.",
publisher = "Arheološki institut, Beograd",
journal = "Starinar",
title = "Ad palatinas acipensem mittite mensas: Fish remains from Viminacium",
pages = "202-183",
number = "69",
doi = "10.2298/STa1969183Z"
}

Živaljević, I., Vuković-Bogdanović, S. I.,& Bogdanović, I.. (2019). Ad palatinas acipensem mittite mensas: Fish remains from Viminacium. in Starinar
Arheološki institut, Beograd.(69), 183-202.
https://doi.org/10.2298/STa1969183Z

Živaljević I, Vuković-Bogdanović SI, Bogdanović I. Ad palatinas acipensem mittite mensas: Fish remains from Viminacium. in Starinar. 2019;(69):183-202.
doi:10.2298/STa1969183Z .

Živaljević, Ivana, Vuković-Bogdanović, Sonja I., Bogdanović, Ivan, "Ad palatinas acipensem mittite mensas: Fish remains from Viminacium" in Starinar, no. 69 (2019):183-202,
https://doi.org/10.2298/STa1969183Z . .

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Mladenović, Ognjen
AU  - Jovičić, Mladen
AU  - Danković, Ilija
PY  - 2019
UR  - http://rai.ai.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1293
AB  - Lokaliteti Rit i Nad Klepečkom leže na lesnoj terasi koja se proteže paralelno sa severozapadnom iviciom Stiga i pruža u pravcu današnjeg Kostolca. Lokalitet Nad Klepečkomnalazi se na samoj lesnoj terasi, dok lokalitet Rit leži nekih 1 km severozapadno, premadanašnjoj desnoj obali Dunava. Istraživana površina nalazi se istočno od rimskog grada ilegijskog logora, te je u tom pogledu ulazila u sastav šire teritorije antičkog Viminacijuma.Prva istraživanja lokaliteta Nad Klepečkom vezuju se za sistematska rekognosciranja kojasu realizovana tokom 2004. godine, dok su prva iskopavanja zaštitnog karaktera započeta2008. godine, kako je lokalitet bio ugrožen površinskim kopom uglja Drmno. Tokom 2010.i 2011. godine registrovan je veći broj antičkih objekata, kao i dve nekropole iz periodaod II do III veka naše ere, uz jednu srednjovekovnu nekropolu (IX vek). Istraživanja sunastavljena i naredne, 2011. godine, s ciljem da se utvrdi postojanje puta prema Ramu(Lederata) na desnoj obali Dunava. Tom prilikom utvrđena je višeslojna priroda lokaliteta,kako su pored antičkih otkriveni i praistorijski i srednjovekovni nalazi. U 2013. godini, nalokalitetu je istražena jedna villa rusticaiz II veka naše ere, a praistorijski nalazi otkrivenisu i tom prilikom. Istovremeno sa ovim, tekla su i zaštitna istraživanja na obližnjem lokalitetu Rit. Iako je ovaj lokalitet registrovan i istražen probnim sondama već 2004/2005.godine, prva obimnija istraživanja realizovana su u vezi sa pomenutim površinskim kopom uglja Drmno. U periodu između 2011. i 2014. godine, istraženi su villa rustica iz II/III veka naše ere,villa iz III veka naše ere, kao i prateća nekropola i građevinski objekti različite namene. Istraživanja na lokalitetu Rit nastavljena su i tokom 2016. godine. Tokom svih pomenutih istraživanja otkriveni su pokretni nalazi iz različitih perioda praistorije.
AB  - The sites of Rit and Nad Klepečkom are located on a loess terrace which stretches parallel to the north-western edge of the Stig area in eastern Serbia and extends toward the present-day town of Kostolac. The site of Nad Klečkom is located on the loess terrace itself, while the site of Rit is positioned about 1 km to the north-west, towards the Danube River. The excavated area lies eastern from the legion fort and the city, and therefore it constituted the wider territory of the antique town of Viminacium. The first research at the site of Nad Klepečkom can be connected with the surveys that were carried out in the course of 2004, while first rescue excavations were initiated in 2008, due to the fact thatthe site was endangered by the “Drmno” coal seam. In the course of 2010 and 2011 a large number of Antique period structures were recorded, as well as two necropolises dated toa period between the 2nd and the 3rd century AD, and a Medieval necropolis from the 9th century AD. Excavations were continued in the following 2011 and concentrated toward the determination of the existence of road towards present-day Ram (antique Lederata) on the right bank of the Danube River. It was on that occasion that the multi-layered nature of the site was reliably confirmed, as prehistoric and Modern Era finds were recorded as well. In 2013, a villa rustica from the 2nd century AD was excavated on the site, and prehistoric finds were recorded once again. Simultaneously, rescue excavations were conducted on the nearby site of Rit. Although recorded and test-trenched back in 2004/2005, first large-scale excavations were conducted due to the danger presented by the mentioned“Drmno” coal seam. In the period between 2011 and 2014, a villa rustica dated to the 2nd/3rd century AD and another villa from the 3rd century AD was recorded at the site, as well as the concurrent necropolis and various artefacts. The excavations at the site were continued in the course of 2016 as well. All of the excavations yielded prehistoric finds.
PB  - Beograd : Arheološki institut
T2  - Viminacijum u praistoriji : iskopavanja 2005-2015. : Viminacium in prehistory : excavations 2005-2015
T1  - Naselje Skordiska na lokalitetima Rit i Nad Klepečkom
T1  - Scordisci Settlement at the sites of Rit and Nad Klepečkom
EP  - 222
SP  - 177
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1293
ER  - 

@inbook{
author = "Mladenović, Ognjen and Jovičić, Mladen and Danković, Ilija",
year = "2019",
abstract = "Lokaliteti Rit i Nad Klepečkom leže na lesnoj terasi koja se proteže paralelno sa severozapadnom iviciom Stiga i pruža u pravcu današnjeg Kostolca. Lokalitet Nad Klepečkomnalazi se na samoj lesnoj terasi, dok lokalitet Rit leži nekih 1 km severozapadno, premadanašnjoj desnoj obali Dunava. Istraživana površina nalazi se istočno od rimskog grada ilegijskog logora, te je u tom pogledu ulazila u sastav šire teritorije antičkog Viminacijuma.Prva istraživanja lokaliteta Nad Klepečkom vezuju se za sistematska rekognosciranja kojasu realizovana tokom 2004. godine, dok su prva iskopavanja zaštitnog karaktera započeta2008. godine, kako je lokalitet bio ugrožen površinskim kopom uglja Drmno. Tokom 2010.i 2011. godine registrovan je veći broj antičkih objekata, kao i dve nekropole iz periodaod II do III veka naše ere, uz jednu srednjovekovnu nekropolu (IX vek). Istraživanja sunastavljena i naredne, 2011. godine, s ciljem da se utvrdi postojanje puta prema Ramu(Lederata) na desnoj obali Dunava. Tom prilikom utvrđena je višeslojna priroda lokaliteta,kako su pored antičkih otkriveni i praistorijski i srednjovekovni nalazi. U 2013. godini, nalokalitetu je istražena jedna villa rusticaiz II veka naše ere, a praistorijski nalazi otkrivenisu i tom prilikom. Istovremeno sa ovim, tekla su i zaštitna istraživanja na obližnjem lokalitetu Rit. Iako je ovaj lokalitet registrovan i istražen probnim sondama već 2004/2005.godine, prva obimnija istraživanja realizovana su u vezi sa pomenutim površinskim kopom uglja Drmno. U periodu između 2011. i 2014. godine, istraženi su villa rustica iz II/III veka naše ere,villa iz III veka naše ere, kao i prateća nekropola i građevinski objekti različite namene. Istraživanja na lokalitetu Rit nastavljena su i tokom 2016. godine. Tokom svih pomenutih istraživanja otkriveni su pokretni nalazi iz različitih perioda praistorije., The sites of Rit and Nad Klepečkom are located on a loess terrace which stretches parallel to the north-western edge of the Stig area in eastern Serbia and extends toward the present-day town of Kostolac. The site of Nad Klečkom is located on the loess terrace itself, while the site of Rit is positioned about 1 km to the north-west, towards the Danube River. The excavated area lies eastern from the legion fort and the city, and therefore it constituted the wider territory of the antique town of Viminacium. The first research at the site of Nad Klepečkom can be connected with the surveys that were carried out in the course of 2004, while first rescue excavations were initiated in 2008, due to the fact thatthe site was endangered by the “Drmno” coal seam. In the course of 2010 and 2011 a large number of Antique period structures were recorded, as well as two necropolises dated toa period between the 2nd and the 3rd century AD, and a Medieval necropolis from the 9th century AD. Excavations were continued in the following 2011 and concentrated toward the determination of the existence of road towards present-day Ram (antique Lederata) on the right bank of the Danube River. It was on that occasion that the multi-layered nature of the site was reliably confirmed, as prehistoric and Modern Era finds were recorded as well. In 2013, a villa rustica from the 2nd century AD was excavated on the site, and prehistoric finds were recorded once again. Simultaneously, rescue excavations were conducted on the nearby site of Rit. Although recorded and test-trenched back in 2004/2005, first large-scale excavations were conducted due to the danger presented by the mentioned“Drmno” coal seam. In the period between 2011 and 2014, a villa rustica dated to the 2nd/3rd century AD and another villa from the 3rd century AD was recorded at the site, as well as the concurrent necropolis and various artefacts. The excavations at the site were continued in the course of 2016 as well. All of the excavations yielded prehistoric finds.",
publisher = "Beograd : Arheološki institut",
journal = "Viminacijum u praistoriji : iskopavanja 2005-2015. : Viminacium in prehistory : excavations 2005-2015",
booktitle = "Naselje Skordiska na lokalitetima Rit i Nad Klepečkom, Scordisci Settlement at the sites of Rit and Nad Klepečkom",
pages = "222-177",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1293"
}

Mladenović, O., Jovičić, M.,& Danković, I.. (2019). Naselje Skordiska na lokalitetima Rit i Nad Klepečkom. in Viminacijum u praistoriji : iskopavanja 2005-2015. : Viminacium in prehistory : excavations 2005-2015
Beograd : Arheološki institut., 177-222.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1293

Mladenović O, Jovičić M, Danković I. Naselje Skordiska na lokalitetima Rit i Nad Klepečkom. in Viminacijum u praistoriji : iskopavanja 2005-2015. : Viminacium in prehistory : excavations 2005-2015. 2019;:177-222.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1293 .

Mladenović, Ognjen, Jovičić, Mladen, Danković, Ilija, "Naselje Skordiska na lokalitetima Rit i Nad Klepečkom" in Viminacijum u praistoriji : iskopavanja 2005-2015. : Viminacium in prehistory : excavations 2005-2015 (2019):177-222,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1293 .

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Filipović, Vojislav
AU  - Mladenović, Ognjen
PY  - 2019
UR  - http://rai.ai.ac.rs/handle/123456789/605
AB  - Oblast severnog Stiga predstavlja prostranu i plodnu ravnicu, faktički južni završetak Panonskog basena, omeđenu Požarevačkom (Sopotskom) gredom na zapadu, blagim pobrđem Velikog brda na istoku i brdom Gorica kod Rama – zapadnim obroncima Homoljskih planina, dok su na severu granica reka Dunav i njegovi rukavci između brojnih rečnih ada i jednog velikog ostrva. Glavni vodeni tok celog Stiga, izostavimo li Dunav, predstavlja reka Mlava, koja je ujedno i zaslužna za izgled današnjeg reljefa. Isto tako, treba pomenuti da je Stig jedno od najplodnijih oblasti ovoga dela Balkana, te da je u njegovom pridunavskom delu zemljište najplodnije.1 Upravo se na tom mestu, na lesnoj terasi, tzv. Klepečkoj gredi,2 nalazi lokalitet Nad Klepečkom (apsolutne kote od 80 do 85 m nadmorske visine), dok se u njegovom podnožju, u nekad zabarenom delu Stiga, nalazi lokalitet Rit, na nadmorskoj visini od oko 70 m (karta 1).3 Toponimom Rit, među meštanima okolnih sela, nazivaju se močvarne njive između Mlave i Malog i Velikog Čaira,4 a prema svedočenju žitelja, ova lokacija je sve do sredine XX veka bila konstantno plavljena, mada se na osnovu rezultata istraživanja 2005–2015. godine čini da su postojali periodi kada je i ovaj predeo bio pogodan za korišćenje, posebno krajem eneolita i početkom bronzanog doba.5
AB  - The area of northern Stig represents a vast and arable plain, which is in fact the southern fringe of the Carpathian Basin, bounded by Požarevac (Sopot) terrace to the west, hilly area of Veliko Brdo to the east and Gorica Hill near Ram, which in fact represents western slopes of Homolje Mountains, to the east. The northern border of the area of Stig is marked by the Danube River and its armlets which flow between numerous isles and one large island. The main watercourse of the entire area of Stig, save for the Danube, is Mlava River, which also dictated the landscape in the area. Also, it should be highlighted that the area of Stig represents one of the most arable areas in this part of the Balkans, and the soil gravitating towards the Danube is the most fertile.1 In that exact spot, on a loess terrace called Klepečka,2 the site of Nad Klepečkom is located (altitude between 80 and 85 m), and the site of Rit is located in its foothill (altitude of 70 m), in previously marshy part of the area of Stig (Map 1).3 According to the locals, the toponym Rit is utilized for swampy and marshy fields between Mlava River and Mali and Veliki Čair,4 and according to the testimonies of the locals, the location was constantly flooded up to the mid-20th century. Based on the excavations conducted between 2005 and 2015, it seems that during certain periods the area was suitable for settling, especially during the Late Eneolithic and Early Bronze Age.
PB  - Beograd : Arheološki institut
T2  - Viminacijum u praistoriji : iskopavanja 2005-2015. / Viminacium in prehistory : excavations 2005-2015
T1  - Natural characteristics of the northern Stig arеa and its strategic importance during the prehistory and early history
EP  - 24
SP  - 11
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_605
ER  - 

@inbook{
author = "Filipović, Vojislav and Mladenović, Ognjen",
year = "2019",
abstract = "Oblast severnog Stiga predstavlja prostranu i plodnu ravnicu, faktički južni završetak Panonskog basena, omeđenu Požarevačkom (Sopotskom) gredom na zapadu, blagim pobrđem Velikog brda na istoku i brdom Gorica kod Rama – zapadnim obroncima Homoljskih planina, dok su na severu granica reka Dunav i njegovi rukavci između brojnih rečnih ada i jednog velikog ostrva. Glavni vodeni tok celog Stiga, izostavimo li Dunav, predstavlja reka Mlava, koja je ujedno i zaslužna za izgled današnjeg reljefa. Isto tako, treba pomenuti da je Stig jedno od najplodnijih oblasti ovoga dela Balkana, te da je u njegovom pridunavskom delu zemljište najplodnije.1 Upravo se na tom mestu, na lesnoj terasi, tzv. Klepečkoj gredi,2 nalazi lokalitet Nad Klepečkom (apsolutne kote od 80 do 85 m nadmorske visine), dok se u njegovom podnožju, u nekad zabarenom delu Stiga, nalazi lokalitet Rit, na nadmorskoj visini od oko 70 m (karta 1).3 Toponimom Rit, među meštanima okolnih sela, nazivaju se močvarne njive između Mlave i Malog i Velikog Čaira,4 a prema svedočenju žitelja, ova lokacija je sve do sredine XX veka bila konstantno plavljena, mada se na osnovu rezultata istraživanja 2005–2015. godine čini da su postojali periodi kada je i ovaj predeo bio pogodan za korišćenje, posebno krajem eneolita i početkom bronzanog doba.5, The area of northern Stig represents a vast and arable plain, which is in fact the southern fringe of the Carpathian Basin, bounded by Požarevac (Sopot) terrace to the west, hilly area of Veliko Brdo to the east and Gorica Hill near Ram, which in fact represents western slopes of Homolje Mountains, to the east. The northern border of the area of Stig is marked by the Danube River and its armlets which flow between numerous isles and one large island. The main watercourse of the entire area of Stig, save for the Danube, is Mlava River, which also dictated the landscape in the area. Also, it should be highlighted that the area of Stig represents one of the most arable areas in this part of the Balkans, and the soil gravitating towards the Danube is the most fertile.1 In that exact spot, on a loess terrace called Klepečka,2 the site of Nad Klepečkom is located (altitude between 80 and 85 m), and the site of Rit is located in its foothill (altitude of 70 m), in previously marshy part of the area of Stig (Map 1).3 According to the locals, the toponym Rit is utilized for swampy and marshy fields between Mlava River and Mali and Veliki Čair,4 and according to the testimonies of the locals, the location was constantly flooded up to the mid-20th century. Based on the excavations conducted between 2005 and 2015, it seems that during certain periods the area was suitable for settling, especially during the Late Eneolithic and Early Bronze Age.",
publisher = "Beograd : Arheološki institut",
journal = "Viminacijum u praistoriji : iskopavanja 2005-2015. / Viminacium in prehistory : excavations 2005-2015",
booktitle = "Natural characteristics of the northern Stig arеa and its strategic importance during the prehistory and early history",
pages = "24-11",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_605"
}

Filipović, V.,& Mladenović, O.. (2019). Natural characteristics of the northern Stig arеa and its strategic importance during the prehistory and early history. in Viminacijum u praistoriji : iskopavanja 2005-2015. / Viminacium in prehistory : excavations 2005-2015
Beograd : Arheološki institut., 11-24.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_605

Filipović V, Mladenović O. Natural characteristics of the northern Stig arеa and its strategic importance during the prehistory and early history. in Viminacijum u praistoriji : iskopavanja 2005-2015. / Viminacium in prehistory : excavations 2005-2015. 2019;:11-24.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_605 .

Filipović, Vojislav, Mladenović, Ognjen, "Natural characteristics of the northern Stig arеa and its strategic importance during the prehistory and early history" in Viminacijum u praistoriji : iskopavanja 2005-2015. / Viminacium in prehistory : excavations 2005-2015 (2019):11-24,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_605 .

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Bulatović, Aleksandar
AU  - Jovičić, Mladen
AU  - Milovanović, Bebina
PY  - 2019
UR  - http://rai.ai.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1118
AB  - U radu o eneolitskom periodu na lokalitetu Rit u ovom zborniku položaj ovog lokaliteta
već je opisan, tako da ćemo ovde samo napomenuti da je reč o zabarenom aluvijumu,
koji je bio konstantno pod vodom sve do polovine prošlog veka.
Zanimljivo je da je lokalitet bio nastanjen samo krajem starijeg eneolita, u prvom
kvartalu 4. milenijuma pre n.e. i u ranom bronzanom dobu, ne računajući usamljeni grob
iz gvozdenog doba, koji je pomenut u radu o eneolitu. Ovo napominjemo jer je lokalitet
Nad Klepečkom, sa kojim se Rit graniči, bio konstantno nastanjen u praistoriji, od eneolita
do mlađeg gvozdenog doba. Po svemu sudeći, razlog je u tome što se Rit nalazi na niskim
kotama između 69 i 70 m nadmorske visine i očito je bio često zabaren, osim u pomenutim
periodima, za razliku od lokaliteta Nad Klepečkom, koji se nalazi na gredi na kotama između
75 i 90 m nadmorske visine i verovatno je konstantno bio iznad nivoa voda.
AB  - The exact position of the site is provided in the paper discussing the Eneolithic period
at the site of Rit in this volume, and therefore we shall only mention that the location
represents marshy alluvium, which was periodically flooded up to the second half of the
20th century.
It is interesting that the site was inhabited exclusively during the Early Eneolithic,
meaning the first quarter of the 4th millennium BC and during the Early Bronze Age, excluding
the lone Iron Age grave which was also mentioned in the paper dealing with the
Eneolithic period. We highlight this because the site of Nad Klepečkom, which borders the
site of Rit was continuously inhabited in prehistory, from the Eneolithic to the Late Iron
Age. The reason behind this is most likely the position of the site of Rit, which lies at altitude
between 69 m and 70 m, and was often flooded, save for the aforementioned periods,
in comparison to the site of Nad Klepečkom, which lies on a terrace at altitude between 75
m and 90 m, and was apparently positioned on a dry land.
PB  - Beograd : Arheološki institut
T2  - Viminacijum u praistoriji : iskopavanja 2005-2015 / Viminacium in Prehistory: excavations 2005-2015
T1  - Horizont ranog bronzanog doba na lokalitetu Rit
T1  - Early bronze age horizon at the site of Rit
EP  - 77
SP  - 57
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1118
ER  - 

@inbook{
author = "Bulatović, Aleksandar and Jovičić, Mladen and Milovanović, Bebina",
year = "2019",
abstract = "U radu o eneolitskom periodu na lokalitetu Rit u ovom zborniku položaj ovog lokaliteta
već je opisan, tako da ćemo ovde samo napomenuti da je reč o zabarenom aluvijumu,
koji je bio konstantno pod vodom sve do polovine prošlog veka.
Zanimljivo je da je lokalitet bio nastanjen samo krajem starijeg eneolita, u prvom
kvartalu 4. milenijuma pre n.e. i u ranom bronzanom dobu, ne računajući usamljeni grob
iz gvozdenog doba, koji je pomenut u radu o eneolitu. Ovo napominjemo jer je lokalitet
Nad Klepečkom, sa kojim se Rit graniči, bio konstantno nastanjen u praistoriji, od eneolita
do mlađeg gvozdenog doba. Po svemu sudeći, razlog je u tome što se Rit nalazi na niskim
kotama između 69 i 70 m nadmorske visine i očito je bio često zabaren, osim u pomenutim
periodima, za razliku od lokaliteta Nad Klepečkom, koji se nalazi na gredi na kotama između
75 i 90 m nadmorske visine i verovatno je konstantno bio iznad nivoa voda., The exact position of the site is provided in the paper discussing the Eneolithic period
at the site of Rit in this volume, and therefore we shall only mention that the location
represents marshy alluvium, which was periodically flooded up to the second half of the
20th century.
It is interesting that the site was inhabited exclusively during the Early Eneolithic,
meaning the first quarter of the 4th millennium BC and during the Early Bronze Age, excluding
the lone Iron Age grave which was also mentioned in the paper dealing with the
Eneolithic period. We highlight this because the site of Nad Klepečkom, which borders the
site of Rit was continuously inhabited in prehistory, from the Eneolithic to the Late Iron
Age. The reason behind this is most likely the position of the site of Rit, which lies at altitude
between 69 m and 70 m, and was often flooded, save for the aforementioned periods,
in comparison to the site of Nad Klepečkom, which lies on a terrace at altitude between 75
m and 90 m, and was apparently positioned on a dry land.",
publisher = "Beograd : Arheološki institut",
journal = "Viminacijum u praistoriji : iskopavanja 2005-2015 / Viminacium in Prehistory: excavations 2005-2015",
booktitle = "Horizont ranog bronzanog doba na lokalitetu Rit, Early bronze age horizon at the site of Rit",
pages = "77-57",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1118"
}

Bulatović, A., Jovičić, M.,& Milovanović, B.. (2019). Horizont ranog bronzanog doba na lokalitetu Rit. in Viminacijum u praistoriji : iskopavanja 2005-2015 / Viminacium in Prehistory: excavations 2005-2015
Beograd : Arheološki institut., 57-77.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1118

Bulatović A, Jovičić M, Milovanović B. Horizont ranog bronzanog doba na lokalitetu Rit. in Viminacijum u praistoriji : iskopavanja 2005-2015 / Viminacium in Prehistory: excavations 2005-2015. 2019;:57-77.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1118 .

Bulatović, Aleksandar, Jovičić, Mladen, Milovanović, Bebina, "Horizont ranog bronzanog doba na lokalitetu Rit" in Viminacijum u praistoriji : iskopavanja 2005-2015 / Viminacium in Prehistory: excavations 2005-2015 (2019):57-77,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1118 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marković, Nemanja
AU  - Stevanović, Oliver
AU  - Krstić, Nikola
AU  - Marinković, Darko
AU  - Buckley, Michael
PY  - 2019
UR  - http://rai.ai.ac.rs/handle/123456789/325
AB  - Objective: To evaluate the etiology of skeletal changes noted in equid vertebrae from a 19th- century context near Belgrade, Serbia. Materials: A vertebral column consisting of 15 fused thoracic vertebrae (T2-T16), with right ribs fused to T4 and T5 and small remnants of ribs articulating with T4, T5 and T6 on the left side were accidentally recovered during industrial exploitation of sand. Methods: The specimen was subjected to morphological analysis and collagen fingerprinting by mass spectrometry for species identification. In order to determine the absolute temporal context, radiocarbon dating was employed. Pathological changes were analyzed macroscopically and then underwent X-ray and (CT) imaging. Results: Species identification indicates that the vertebral column belonged to a domestic horse (Equus caballus) living in the early 19th century. Pathological changes included exuberant bone proliferation, fusion of small articulations, enthesopathy formation, complete fusion between the vertebral bodies, and ossification of the anterior longitudinal ligament. Conclusions: Pathological changes represent signs of an advanced stage of vertebral fusion consistent with diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH). Significance: This case study provides a clear distinction between diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) and other vertebral column diseases in equids. It also presents a new and significant contribution to the nascent discipline of animal paleopathology in present-day Serbia. Limitations: Given that only 15 thoracic vertebrae were discovered, the impact of this disease on other parts of the horse skeleton remains unknown, as does the archaeological context of the remains. Suggestions for further research: Research into the frequency of DISH in equids, as well as the historical context of equine husbandry in Serbia will allow greater insight into the causes and effects of this pathological condition.
PB  - Elsevier Science Inc, New York
T2  - International Journal of Paleopathology
T1  - A case study of vertebral fusion in a 19th-century horse from Serbia
EP  - 23
SP  - 17
VL  - 27
DO  - 10.1016/j.ijpp.2019.07.007
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Marković, Nemanja and Stevanović, Oliver and Krstić, Nikola and Marinković, Darko and Buckley, Michael",
year = "2019",
abstract = "Objective: To evaluate the etiology of skeletal changes noted in equid vertebrae from a 19th- century context near Belgrade, Serbia. Materials: A vertebral column consisting of 15 fused thoracic vertebrae (T2-T16), with right ribs fused to T4 and T5 and small remnants of ribs articulating with T4, T5 and T6 on the left side were accidentally recovered during industrial exploitation of sand. Methods: The specimen was subjected to morphological analysis and collagen fingerprinting by mass spectrometry for species identification. In order to determine the absolute temporal context, radiocarbon dating was employed. Pathological changes were analyzed macroscopically and then underwent X-ray and (CT) imaging. Results: Species identification indicates that the vertebral column belonged to a domestic horse (Equus caballus) living in the early 19th century. Pathological changes included exuberant bone proliferation, fusion of small articulations, enthesopathy formation, complete fusion between the vertebral bodies, and ossification of the anterior longitudinal ligament. Conclusions: Pathological changes represent signs of an advanced stage of vertebral fusion consistent with diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH). Significance: This case study provides a clear distinction between diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) and other vertebral column diseases in equids. It also presents a new and significant contribution to the nascent discipline of animal paleopathology in present-day Serbia. Limitations: Given that only 15 thoracic vertebrae were discovered, the impact of this disease on other parts of the horse skeleton remains unknown, as does the archaeological context of the remains. Suggestions for further research: Research into the frequency of DISH in equids, as well as the historical context of equine husbandry in Serbia will allow greater insight into the causes and effects of this pathological condition.",
publisher = "Elsevier Science Inc, New York",
journal = "International Journal of Paleopathology",
title = "A case study of vertebral fusion in a 19th-century horse from Serbia",
pages = "23-17",
volume = "27",
doi = "10.1016/j.ijpp.2019.07.007"
}

Marković, N., Stevanović, O., Krstić, N., Marinković, D.,& Buckley, M.. (2019). A case study of vertebral fusion in a 19th-century horse from Serbia. in International Journal of Paleopathology
Elsevier Science Inc, New York., 27, 17-23.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpp.2019.07.007

Marković N, Stevanović O, Krstić N, Marinković D, Buckley M. A case study of vertebral fusion in a 19th-century horse from Serbia. in International Journal of Paleopathology. 2019;27:17-23.
doi:10.1016/j.ijpp.2019.07.007 .

Marković, Nemanja, Stevanović, Oliver, Krstić, Nikola, Marinković, Darko, Buckley, Michael, "A case study of vertebral fusion in a 19th-century horse from Serbia" in International Journal of Paleopathology, 27 (2019):17-23,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpp.2019.07.007 . .

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Aleksandar, Bulatović
AU  - Redžić, Saša
AU  - Milovanović, Bebina
PY  - 2019
UR  - http://rai.ai.ac.rs/handle/123456789/687
AB  - During the archaeological excavations of the Antique site of Viminacium in Stari
Kostolac, in the last 15 years, archaeological traces of Eneolithic period have been recorded
at the sites of Rit, Nad Klepečkom, Kod Koraba, Pirivoj, and Kastrum. These sites are
of different types, stratigraphies, and size, and dated to the end of the Early Eneolithic and
Middle Eneolithic, according to the periodization proposed by N. Tasić.1
The aforementioned Eneolithic sites will be presented in chronological order.
PB  - Beograd : Arheološki institut
T2  - Viminacium in Prehistory: excavations 2005-2015
T1  - Eneolithic Sites in Viminacium
T1  - Eneolitski lokaliteti na Viminacijumu
EP  - 56
SP  - 25
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_687
ER  - 

@inbook{
author = "Aleksandar, Bulatović and Redžić, Saša and Milovanović, Bebina",
year = "2019",
abstract = "During the archaeological excavations of the Antique site of Viminacium in Stari
Kostolac, in the last 15 years, archaeological traces of Eneolithic period have been recorded
at the sites of Rit, Nad Klepečkom, Kod Koraba, Pirivoj, and Kastrum. These sites are
of different types, stratigraphies, and size, and dated to the end of the Early Eneolithic and
Middle Eneolithic, according to the periodization proposed by N. Tasić.1
The aforementioned Eneolithic sites will be presented in chronological order.",
publisher = "Beograd : Arheološki institut",
journal = "Viminacium in Prehistory: excavations 2005-2015",
booktitle = "Eneolithic Sites in Viminacium, Eneolitski lokaliteti na Viminacijumu",
pages = "56-25",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_687"
}

Aleksandar, B., Redžić, S.,& Milovanović, B.. (2019). Eneolithic Sites in Viminacium. in Viminacium in Prehistory: excavations 2005-2015
Beograd : Arheološki institut., 25-56.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_687

Aleksandar B, Redžić S, Milovanović B. Eneolithic Sites in Viminacium. in Viminacium in Prehistory: excavations 2005-2015. 2019;:25-56.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_687 .

Aleksandar, Bulatović, Redžić, Saša, Milovanović, Bebina, "Eneolithic Sites in Viminacium" in Viminacium in Prehistory: excavations 2005-2015 (2019):25-56,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_687 .

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Antonović, Dragana
AU  - Vitezović, Selena
AU  - Dimić, Vidan
AU  - Vukadinović, Miomir
PY  - 2018
UR  - http://rai.ai.ac.rs/handle/123456789/449
AB  - Projekat Prospekcija Malog Šturca: istraživanje praistorijskog rudarstva uspešno se sprovodi
od 2011. godine (Antonović, Vukadinović 2012a; 2012b; Antonović et al. 2014a; 2014b; Antonović
2017). Nakon istraživanja okana 4 i 6, koje je prvi put otkrio Borislav Jovanović 1987. godine
(Јовановић 1988) u nepristupačnom središnjem delu lokaliteta Prljuša, 2014. godine je usledilo
istraživanje okna nazvanog Objekat 1. Ovo okno otkriveno je tokom rekognosciranja samog lokaliteta
2011. godine i nalazi se na samom vrhu padine, pa je zaključeno da predstavlja ostatak
najkasnijeg rudarenja na ovom lokalitetu.2 Na nešto višoj koti od Objekta 1, u pravcu vrha Mali
Šturac, nalazi se jedan poveći svrtanj u projektnoj dokumentaciji označen kao Svrtanj 2.
Cilj projekta u 2016. godini je bio da se dovrši istraživanje okana Objekat 1, započeto 2014.
godine, i Svrtanj 2, započeto 2015, kao i da se ispita nanos u donjim delovima lokaliteta. Kod
Objekta 1 ranijim iskopavanjima nije otkriven ulazni deo, pa se očekivalo da će nastavak istraživanja
doprineti da se definiše funkcionisanje okna i u celosti otkrije prvo praistorijsko rudarsko
okno u ovom delu Srbije. Cilj ispitivanja Svrtnja 2, ostatka rudarske aktivnosti na najvišoj tački
lokaliteta, bio je da se utvrdi da li postoje tragovi antičkog i srednjovekovnog rudarstva, pošto je
u Objektu 1 2015. godine nađen jedan rimski žižak i s obzirom na to da se svuda oko lokaliteta
Prljuša nalaze tragovi kasnijeg rudarenja. Cilj ispitivanja nanosa u donjem delu lokaliteta bio
je da se ustanovi na kojoj dubini se nalazi stena na kojoj je vršeno rudarenje u praistoriji, radi
planiranja budućih iskopavanja okana u tom delu lokaliteta i da se rekonstruiše, na najbrži i najjeftiniji
način, prvobitni izgled rudnika na Prljuši.
PB  - Beograd : Arheološki institut
T2  - Arheologija u Srbiji : projekti Arheološkog instituta u 2016. godini
T1  - Prljuša, Mali Šturac : istraživanje 2016. godine
EP  - 22
SP  - 13
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_449
ER  - 

@inbook{
author = "Antonović, Dragana and Vitezović, Selena and Dimić, Vidan and Vukadinović, Miomir",
year = "2018",
abstract = "Projekat Prospekcija Malog Šturca: istraživanje praistorijskog rudarstva uspešno se sprovodi
od 2011. godine (Antonović, Vukadinović 2012a; 2012b; Antonović et al. 2014a; 2014b; Antonović
2017). Nakon istraživanja okana 4 i 6, koje je prvi put otkrio Borislav Jovanović 1987. godine
(Јовановић 1988) u nepristupačnom središnjem delu lokaliteta Prljuša, 2014. godine je usledilo
istraživanje okna nazvanog Objekat 1. Ovo okno otkriveno je tokom rekognosciranja samog lokaliteta
2011. godine i nalazi se na samom vrhu padine, pa je zaključeno da predstavlja ostatak
najkasnijeg rudarenja na ovom lokalitetu.2 Na nešto višoj koti od Objekta 1, u pravcu vrha Mali
Šturac, nalazi se jedan poveći svrtanj u projektnoj dokumentaciji označen kao Svrtanj 2.
Cilj projekta u 2016. godini je bio da se dovrši istraživanje okana Objekat 1, započeto 2014.
godine, i Svrtanj 2, započeto 2015, kao i da se ispita nanos u donjim delovima lokaliteta. Kod
Objekta 1 ranijim iskopavanjima nije otkriven ulazni deo, pa se očekivalo da će nastavak istraživanja
doprineti da se definiše funkcionisanje okna i u celosti otkrije prvo praistorijsko rudarsko
okno u ovom delu Srbije. Cilj ispitivanja Svrtnja 2, ostatka rudarske aktivnosti na najvišoj tački
lokaliteta, bio je da se utvrdi da li postoje tragovi antičkog i srednjovekovnog rudarstva, pošto je
u Objektu 1 2015. godine nađen jedan rimski žižak i s obzirom na to da se svuda oko lokaliteta
Prljuša nalaze tragovi kasnijeg rudarenja. Cilj ispitivanja nanosa u donjem delu lokaliteta bio
je da se ustanovi na kojoj dubini se nalazi stena na kojoj je vršeno rudarenje u praistoriji, radi
planiranja budućih iskopavanja okana u tom delu lokaliteta i da se rekonstruiše, na najbrži i najjeftiniji
način, prvobitni izgled rudnika na Prljuši.",
publisher = "Beograd : Arheološki institut",
journal = "Arheologija u Srbiji : projekti Arheološkog instituta u 2016. godini",
booktitle = "Prljuša, Mali Šturac : istraživanje 2016. godine",
pages = "22-13",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_449"
}

Antonović, D., Vitezović, S., Dimić, V.,& Vukadinović, M.. (2018). Prljuša, Mali Šturac : istraživanje 2016. godine. in Arheologija u Srbiji : projekti Arheološkog instituta u 2016. godini
Beograd : Arheološki institut., 13-22.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_449

Antonović D, Vitezović S, Dimić V, Vukadinović M. Prljuša, Mali Šturac : istraživanje 2016. godine. in Arheologija u Srbiji : projekti Arheološkog instituta u 2016. godini. 2018;:13-22.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_449 .

Antonović, Dragana, Vitezović, Selena, Dimić, Vidan, Vukadinović, Miomir, "Prljuša, Mali Šturac : istraživanje 2016. godine" in Arheologija u Srbiji : projekti Arheološkog instituta u 2016. godini (2018):13-22,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_449 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vitezović, Selena
PY  - 2018
UR  - http://rai.ai.ac.rs/handle/123456789/287
AB  - The methods of fishing and hunting in prehistory are a complex subject that needs to be analysed from different perspectives. Comprehensive analysis may enable reconstruction not only of subsistence and economy, but also of technology, social organization and cultural attitude towards the environment. Such studies must include various perspectives and also combine diverse data available from the archaeological record. The identification of fishing and hunting gear is not always easy or straightforward; some artefacts may have had another function, some parts may have been made from perishable materials. Among the Neolithic communities in South-East Europe, hunting and fishing preserved a certain role in the economy after the introduction of domesticated plants and animals. However, findings of hunting and fishing gear are not particularly rich, thus raising questions on the raw materials used and adequate identification of these items. In this paper, an overview will be offered of osseous artefacts identified as hunting and fishing gear recovered from Starcevo culture sites in Serbia; their techno-typological traits will be discussed, as well as their general place within the osseous industry and in the wider context of these communities.
PB  - Elsevier Ltd, Oxford
T2  - Quaternary International
T1  - Fishing and hunting gear from osseous raw materials in the Early Neolithic from Serbia
EP  - 48
SP  - 38
VL  - 472
DO  - 10.1016/j.quaint.2018.01.021
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Vitezović, Selena",
year = "2018",
abstract = "The methods of fishing and hunting in prehistory are a complex subject that needs to be analysed from different perspectives. Comprehensive analysis may enable reconstruction not only of subsistence and economy, but also of technology, social organization and cultural attitude towards the environment. Such studies must include various perspectives and also combine diverse data available from the archaeological record. The identification of fishing and hunting gear is not always easy or straightforward; some artefacts may have had another function, some parts may have been made from perishable materials. Among the Neolithic communities in South-East Europe, hunting and fishing preserved a certain role in the economy after the introduction of domesticated plants and animals. However, findings of hunting and fishing gear are not particularly rich, thus raising questions on the raw materials used and adequate identification of these items. In this paper, an overview will be offered of osseous artefacts identified as hunting and fishing gear recovered from Starcevo culture sites in Serbia; their techno-typological traits will be discussed, as well as their general place within the osseous industry and in the wider context of these communities.",
publisher = "Elsevier Ltd, Oxford",
journal = "Quaternary International",
title = "Fishing and hunting gear from osseous raw materials in the Early Neolithic from Serbia",
pages = "48-38",
volume = "472",
doi = "10.1016/j.quaint.2018.01.021"
}

Vitezović, S.. (2018). Fishing and hunting gear from osseous raw materials in the Early Neolithic from Serbia. in Quaternary International
Elsevier Ltd, Oxford., 472, 38-48.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2018.01.021

Vitezović S. Fishing and hunting gear from osseous raw materials in the Early Neolithic from Serbia. in Quaternary International. 2018;472:38-48.
doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2018.01.021 .

Vitezović, Selena, "Fishing and hunting gear from osseous raw materials in the Early Neolithic from Serbia" in Quaternary International, 472 (2018):38-48,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2018.01.021 . .

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Vitezović, Selena
PY  - 2018
UR  - http://rai.ai.ac.rs/handle/123456789/748
AB  - One of the earliest confirmed uses of osseous raw materials was for retouching, sharpening and repairing stone tools, dating from the Lower Palaeolithic and throughout the Pleistocene period. Considerable changes to subsistence strategies, technology, and overall lifeways occurred among European hunter-gatherer communities during the Holocene. In turn, the role of retouching tools was also modified. Although less common, retouching tools were still present among the Mesolithic and Neolithic communities across Europe. This paper provides an overview of the available evidence for the presence of retouching tools in the Mesolithic and Neolithic, focussing on southeast Europe. Their technological traits, distribution, functions and their significance within Mesolithic and Neolithic societies will be discussed.
PB  - Meinz : Verlag des Römisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseums Mainz
T2  - The Origins of Bone Tool Technologies
T1  - Retouching tools from the post-Palaeolithic period in Southeast Europe
EP  - 315
SP  - 297
DO  - 10.11588/propylaeum.408
ER  - 

@inbook{
author = "Vitezović, Selena",
year = "2018",
abstract = "One of the earliest confirmed uses of osseous raw materials was for retouching, sharpening and repairing stone tools, dating from the Lower Palaeolithic and throughout the Pleistocene period. Considerable changes to subsistence strategies, technology, and overall lifeways occurred among European hunter-gatherer communities during the Holocene. In turn, the role of retouching tools was also modified. Although less common, retouching tools were still present among the Mesolithic and Neolithic communities across Europe. This paper provides an overview of the available evidence for the presence of retouching tools in the Mesolithic and Neolithic, focussing on southeast Europe. Their technological traits, distribution, functions and their significance within Mesolithic and Neolithic societies will be discussed.",
publisher = "Meinz : Verlag des Römisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseums Mainz",
journal = "The Origins of Bone Tool Technologies",
booktitle = "Retouching tools from the post-Palaeolithic period in Southeast Europe",
pages = "315-297",
doi = "10.11588/propylaeum.408"
}

Vitezović, S.. (2018). Retouching tools from the post-Palaeolithic period in Southeast Europe. in The Origins of Bone Tool Technologies
Meinz : Verlag des Römisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseums Mainz., 297-315.
https://doi.org/10.11588/propylaeum.408

Vitezović S. Retouching tools from the post-Palaeolithic period in Southeast Europe. in The Origins of Bone Tool Technologies. 2018;:297-315.
doi:10.11588/propylaeum.408 .

Vitezović, Selena, "Retouching tools from the post-Palaeolithic period in Southeast Europe" in The Origins of Bone Tool Technologies (2018):297-315,
https://doi.org/10.11588/propylaeum.408 . .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Vitezović, Selena
AU  - Antonović, Dragana
PY  - 2017
UR  - http://rai.ai.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1277
AB  - Archaeological studies of technology and craft production are often limited to one type of raw material – lithic, ceramic, and so on. Even one group of raw materials, which clearly represents one technology, with shared manufacturing techniques and forms, is sometimes split into smaller groups (for example, mollusc shells are sometimes studied separately from other osseous raw materials, or obsidian is separated from other chipped stone tools). However, for comprehensive study of technology and craft production in prehistory it is necessary to study relations between different technologies – they may share same tools, activity areas, craftspersons; changes in one technology influence the changes in others, etc. The introduction of the Neolithic way of life brought also new tools, new tasks and new technologies. In this paper, we will explore the relations in production between bone and stone artefacts in the Neolithic. Not only stone tools were used for production of bone objects and bone retouching tools were involved in stone production, but we may also note the connection in technological changes (e.g., increased use of abrasion in bone technology with the increased number of stone whetstones), examples of skeuomorphism similar or identical forms in different materials) and so on. Furthermore, we tried to examine the relations of tools made from bone and stone used for the same or related tasks: for woodworking, plant processing, etc.
PB  - Maastricht : European Association of Archaeologists
C3  - Building bridges:  Abstract book of the 23rd Annual Meeting of the European Association of Archaeologists
T1  - Studying multiple technologies: case studies from the Neolithic of SE Europe
EP  - 165
SP  - 164
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1277
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Vitezović, Selena and Antonović, Dragana",
year = "2017",
abstract = "Archaeological studies of technology and craft production are often limited to one type of raw material – lithic, ceramic, and so on. Even one group of raw materials, which clearly represents one technology, with shared manufacturing techniques and forms, is sometimes split into smaller groups (for example, mollusc shells are sometimes studied separately from other osseous raw materials, or obsidian is separated from other chipped stone tools). However, for comprehensive study of technology and craft production in prehistory it is necessary to study relations between different technologies – they may share same tools, activity areas, craftspersons; changes in one technology influence the changes in others, etc. The introduction of the Neolithic way of life brought also new tools, new tasks and new technologies. In this paper, we will explore the relations in production between bone and stone artefacts in the Neolithic. Not only stone tools were used for production of bone objects and bone retouching tools were involved in stone production, but we may also note the connection in technological changes (e.g., increased use of abrasion in bone technology with the increased number of stone whetstones), examples of skeuomorphism similar or identical forms in different materials) and so on. Furthermore, we tried to examine the relations of tools made from bone and stone used for the same or related tasks: for woodworking, plant processing, etc.",
publisher = "Maastricht : European Association of Archaeologists",
journal = "Building bridges:  Abstract book of the 23rd Annual Meeting of the European Association of Archaeologists",
title = "Studying multiple technologies: case studies from the Neolithic of SE Europe",
pages = "165-164",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1277"
}

Vitezović, S.,& Antonović, D.. (2017). Studying multiple technologies: case studies from the Neolithic of SE Europe. in Building bridges:  Abstract book of the 23rd Annual Meeting of the European Association of Archaeologists
Maastricht : European Association of Archaeologists., 164-165.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1277

Vitezović S, Antonović D. Studying multiple technologies: case studies from the Neolithic of SE Europe. in Building bridges:  Abstract book of the 23rd Annual Meeting of the European Association of Archaeologists. 2017;:164-165.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1277 .

Vitezović, Selena, Antonović, Dragana, "Studying multiple technologies: case studies from the Neolithic of SE Europe" in Building bridges:  Abstract book of the 23rd Annual Meeting of the European Association of Archaeologists (2017):164-165,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1277 .

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Vitezović, Selena
AU  - Antonović, Dragana
PY  - 2017
UR  - http://rai.ai.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1273
AB  - Raw materials include food and water for humans and animals, as well as materials for making tools, shelter, clothes, other daily objects such as vessels, storage containers, etc., and also for objects of art, ritual and cult. Their origin and method of acquiring are often interlinked and are connected into a complex network of mutual relation. For example, food remains, such as animal bones, skin, tendons, are used for artefact production, non-edible parts of plants may serve for other purposes, such as stems for roofs or for covering the floor, fresh running water is important for human and animal consumption but also for numerous production processes, gathering in the woodlands may encompass diverse resources, such as wood for basketry, plant and animal food, and so on. The system and the organization of acquiring and exploiting of different raw materials
represent the most important part of every economy and economical system. The questions such as availability of some of the raw materials, the degree of their exploitation versus their availability, the mode of exploitation as well as the method of their extracting, connected with the technological choices, are particularly important for studying not only economic, but also other social aspects.
PB  - Beograd : Srpsko arheološko društvo
T2  - Archaeotechnology studies: Raw material exploitation from prehistory to the Middle Ages
T1  - Raw material managing and exploitation in the past
EP  - 12
SP  - 7
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1273
ER  - 

@inbook{
author = "Vitezović, Selena and Antonović, Dragana",
year = "2017",
abstract = "Raw materials include food and water for humans and animals, as well as materials for making tools, shelter, clothes, other daily objects such as vessels, storage containers, etc., and also for objects of art, ritual and cult. Their origin and method of acquiring are often interlinked and are connected into a complex network of mutual relation. For example, food remains, such as animal bones, skin, tendons, are used for artefact production, non-edible parts of plants may serve for other purposes, such as stems for roofs or for covering the floor, fresh running water is important for human and animal consumption but also for numerous production processes, gathering in the woodlands may encompass diverse resources, such as wood for basketry, plant and animal food, and so on. The system and the organization of acquiring and exploiting of different raw materials
represent the most important part of every economy and economical system. The questions such as availability of some of the raw materials, the degree of their exploitation versus their availability, the mode of exploitation as well as the method of their extracting, connected with the technological choices, are particularly important for studying not only economic, but also other social aspects.",
publisher = "Beograd : Srpsko arheološko društvo",
journal = "Archaeotechnology studies: Raw material exploitation from prehistory to the Middle Ages",
booktitle = "Raw material managing and exploitation in the past",
pages = "12-7",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1273"
}

Vitezović, S.,& Antonović, D.. (2017). Raw material managing and exploitation in the past. in Archaeotechnology studies: Raw material exploitation from prehistory to the Middle Ages
Beograd : Srpsko arheološko društvo., 7-12.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1273

Vitezović S, Antonović D. Raw material managing and exploitation in the past. in Archaeotechnology studies: Raw material exploitation from prehistory to the Middle Ages. 2017;:7-12.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1273 .

Vitezović, Selena, Antonović, Dragana, "Raw material managing and exploitation in the past" in Archaeotechnology studies: Raw material exploitation from prehistory to the Middle Ages (2017):7-12,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1273 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vitezović, Selena
PY  - 2017
UR  - http://rai.ai.ac.rs/handle/123456789/270
AB  - Antler is a specific osseous raw material - it is a renewable resource, which can be obtained through both hunting and gathering, resilient, strong, and may be available in relatively substantial quantities. Antlers were widely used since the Palaeolithic times and had an important role among the agricultural communities as well. They were used for everyday tools, weapons, jewellery and non-utilitarian items. Antler exploitation may be of particular importance in the studying of raw material managing and relations with the environment. In the Late Neolithic Vinca culture, red deer and occasionally roe deer antlers were used for a variety of purposes, mainly for everyday tools. In this paper will be presented the analysis of the role of antlers in the Vinca culture in Central Balkans, manufacturing techniques, typological repertoire, as well as their importance for studying craft production in general.
PB  - Elsevier Ltd, Oxford
T2  - Quaternary International
T1  - Antler exploitation and management in the Vinca culture: An overview of evidence from Serbia
EP  - 223
SP  - 209
VL  - 450
DO  - 10.1016/j.quaint.2016.12.048
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Vitezović, Selena",
year = "2017",
abstract = "Antler is a specific osseous raw material - it is a renewable resource, which can be obtained through both hunting and gathering, resilient, strong, and may be available in relatively substantial quantities. Antlers were widely used since the Palaeolithic times and had an important role among the agricultural communities as well. They were used for everyday tools, weapons, jewellery and non-utilitarian items. Antler exploitation may be of particular importance in the studying of raw material managing and relations with the environment. In the Late Neolithic Vinca culture, red deer and occasionally roe deer antlers were used for a variety of purposes, mainly for everyday tools. In this paper will be presented the analysis of the role of antlers in the Vinca culture in Central Balkans, manufacturing techniques, typological repertoire, as well as their importance for studying craft production in general.",
publisher = "Elsevier Ltd, Oxford",
journal = "Quaternary International",
title = "Antler exploitation and management in the Vinca culture: An overview of evidence from Serbia",
pages = "223-209",
volume = "450",
doi = "10.1016/j.quaint.2016.12.048"
}

Vitezović, S.. (2017). Antler exploitation and management in the Vinca culture: An overview of evidence from Serbia. in Quaternary International
Elsevier Ltd, Oxford., 450, 209-223.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2016.12.048

Vitezović S. Antler exploitation and management in the Vinca culture: An overview of evidence from Serbia. in Quaternary International. 2017;450:209-223.
doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2016.12.048 .

Vitezović, Selena, "Antler exploitation and management in the Vinca culture: An overview of evidence from Serbia" in Quaternary International, 450 (2017):209-223,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2016.12.048 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bulatović, Jelena
AU  - Marković, Nemanja
AU  - Stevanović, Oliver
AU  - Marinković, Darko
AU  - Dimitrijević, Ivana
AU  - Krstić, Nikola
PY  - 2016
UR  - http://rai.ai.ac.rs/handle/123456789/257
AB  - Pathological modifications are rarely observed in the remains of wild animals from archaeological sites. We present one such specific, pathological change a case of spavin in a red deer specimen from the Early Neolithic site of Blagotin, in central Serbia. The left tarsal joint presented proliferative new bone formation, which was analyzed macroscopically, then subjected to X-ray and computed tomography (CT) imaging. We assume that the initial degenerative changes in this red deer tarsal joint were probably caused by ageing, although the environment may have likely contributed to the progression of the disorder. Spavin usually results in stiffness of the joints and in lameness, perhaps contributing in the animal's capture by Neolithic hunters. This case is important in that it demonstrates that spavin is not necessarily a consequence of riding or traction work.
PB  - Elsevier Science Inc, New York
T2  - International Journal of Paleopathology
T1  - Spavin in red deer: A case study from the Early Neolithic Blagotin, Serbia
EP  - 35
SP  - 31
VL  - 14
DO  - 10.1016/j.ijpp.2016.04.006
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Bulatović, Jelena and Marković, Nemanja and Stevanović, Oliver and Marinković, Darko and Dimitrijević, Ivana and Krstić, Nikola",
year = "2016",
abstract = "Pathological modifications are rarely observed in the remains of wild animals from archaeological sites. We present one such specific, pathological change a case of spavin in a red deer specimen from the Early Neolithic site of Blagotin, in central Serbia. The left tarsal joint presented proliferative new bone formation, which was analyzed macroscopically, then subjected to X-ray and computed tomography (CT) imaging. We assume that the initial degenerative changes in this red deer tarsal joint were probably caused by ageing, although the environment may have likely contributed to the progression of the disorder. Spavin usually results in stiffness of the joints and in lameness, perhaps contributing in the animal's capture by Neolithic hunters. This case is important in that it demonstrates that spavin is not necessarily a consequence of riding or traction work.",
publisher = "Elsevier Science Inc, New York",
journal = "International Journal of Paleopathology",
title = "Spavin in red deer: A case study from the Early Neolithic Blagotin, Serbia",
pages = "35-31",
volume = "14",
doi = "10.1016/j.ijpp.2016.04.006"
}

Bulatović, J., Marković, N., Stevanović, O., Marinković, D., Dimitrijević, I.,& Krstić, N.. (2016). Spavin in red deer: A case study from the Early Neolithic Blagotin, Serbia. in International Journal of Paleopathology
Elsevier Science Inc, New York., 14, 31-35.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpp.2016.04.006

Bulatović J, Marković N, Stevanović O, Marinković D, Dimitrijević I, Krstić N. Spavin in red deer: A case study from the Early Neolithic Blagotin, Serbia. in International Journal of Paleopathology. 2016;14:31-35.
doi:10.1016/j.ijpp.2016.04.006 .

Bulatović, Jelena, Marković, Nemanja, Stevanović, Oliver, Marinković, Darko, Dimitrijević, Ivana, Krstić, Nikola, "Spavin in red deer: A case study from the Early Neolithic Blagotin, Serbia" in International Journal of Paleopathology, 14 (2016):31-35,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpp.2016.04.006 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cristiani, Emanuela
AU  - Dimitrijević, Vesna
AU  - Vitezović, Selena
PY  - 2016
UR  - http://rai.ai.ac.rs/handle/123456789/255
AB  - The authors present an early evidence for the use of complex fishing techniques for obtaining variable fish resources in prehistoric south-east Europe as recovered at the Neolithic site of Vinta Belo Brdo in Serbia. In particular, a group of bone artefacts have been analysed through the application of an integrated approach combining technological, use-wear, and residue analyses as well as the comparisons with ethnographic artefacts. The results of the functional analysis indicate that these artefacts were parts of lure hooks, i.e. composite hooks, probably used to catch large predatory fish. On methodological grounds, the discussion proposed in this paper could be relevant for other case studies worldwide where one finds prehistoric communities with evidence of fishing activities.
PB  - Academic Press Ltd- Elsevier Science Ltd, London
T2  - Journal of Archaeological Science
T1  - Fishing with lure hooks at the Late Neolithic site of Vinca - Belo Brdo, Serbia
EP  - 147
SP  - 134
VL  - 65
DO  - 10.1016/j.jas.2015.11.005
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Cristiani, Emanuela and Dimitrijević, Vesna and Vitezović, Selena",
year = "2016",
abstract = "The authors present an early evidence for the use of complex fishing techniques for obtaining variable fish resources in prehistoric south-east Europe as recovered at the Neolithic site of Vinta Belo Brdo in Serbia. In particular, a group of bone artefacts have been analysed through the application of an integrated approach combining technological, use-wear, and residue analyses as well as the comparisons with ethnographic artefacts. The results of the functional analysis indicate that these artefacts were parts of lure hooks, i.e. composite hooks, probably used to catch large predatory fish. On methodological grounds, the discussion proposed in this paper could be relevant for other case studies worldwide where one finds prehistoric communities with evidence of fishing activities.",
publisher = "Academic Press Ltd- Elsevier Science Ltd, London",
journal = "Journal of Archaeological Science",
title = "Fishing with lure hooks at the Late Neolithic site of Vinca - Belo Brdo, Serbia",
pages = "147-134",
volume = "65",
doi = "10.1016/j.jas.2015.11.005"
}

Cristiani, E., Dimitrijević, V.,& Vitezović, S.. (2016). Fishing with lure hooks at the Late Neolithic site of Vinca - Belo Brdo, Serbia. in Journal of Archaeological Science
Academic Press Ltd- Elsevier Science Ltd, London., 65, 134-147.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2015.11.005

Cristiani E, Dimitrijević V, Vitezović S. Fishing with lure hooks at the Late Neolithic site of Vinca - Belo Brdo, Serbia. in Journal of Archaeological Science. 2016;65:134-147.
doi:10.1016/j.jas.2015.11.005 .

Cristiani, Emanuela, Dimitrijević, Vesna, Vitezović, Selena, "Fishing with lure hooks at the Late Neolithic site of Vinca - Belo Brdo, Serbia" in Journal of Archaeological Science, 65 (2016):134-147,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2015.11.005 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Muttoni, Giovanni
AU  - Scardia, Giancarlo
AU  - Dimitrijević, Vesna
AU  - Kent, Dennis V.
AU  - Monesi, Edoardo
AU  - Mrđić, Nemanja
AU  - Korać, Miomir
PY  - 2015
UR  - http://rai.ai.ac.rs/handle/123456789/234
AB  - At the Drmno open-pit coal mine near Kostolac in Serbia, a nearly complete skeleton of Mammuthus trogontherii (nicknamed Vika) was discovered in a fluvial deposit overlain by a loess-paleosol sequence where a second paleontological level named Nosak with remains of M. trogontherii was found. We studied the magnetostratigraphy of the Kostolac sedimentary sequence and found that the Vika layer dates to similar to 0.8 Ma, shortly before the Brunhes-Matuyama boundary. In addition, according to our age model and previously reported optically stimulated luminescence and electron spin resonance dates, the Nosak fossils have an estimated age of 0.19 Ma and lived during the earliest part of Marine Isotope Stage 6. It appears therefore that at Kostolac, M. trogontherii is preserved both at its earliest occurrence at similar to 0.8 Ma and close to its latest occurrence at 0.19 Ma, and may well have been present in between, albeit not yet found. We speculate that megaherbivores such as M. trogontherii entered Europe along a conjunct Danube-Po River migration conduit connecting western Asia-Levant with central-southern Europe where vast and exploitable ecosystems, particularly suited for steppe- or savanna-adapted megaherbivores from Asia and Africa, developed during the late early Pleistocene climate revolution at around 0.8 Ma.
PB  - Cambridge Univ Press, New York
T2  - Quaternary Research
T1  - Age of Mammuthus trogontherii from Kostolac, Serbia, and the entry of megaherbivores into Europe during the Late Matuyama climate revolution
EP  - 447
IS  - 3
SP  - 439
VL  - 84
DO  - 10.1016/j.yqres.2015.09.001
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Muttoni, Giovanni and Scardia, Giancarlo and Dimitrijević, Vesna and Kent, Dennis V. and Monesi, Edoardo and Mrđić, Nemanja and Korać, Miomir",
year = "2015",
abstract = "At the Drmno open-pit coal mine near Kostolac in Serbia, a nearly complete skeleton of Mammuthus trogontherii (nicknamed Vika) was discovered in a fluvial deposit overlain by a loess-paleosol sequence where a second paleontological level named Nosak with remains of M. trogontherii was found. We studied the magnetostratigraphy of the Kostolac sedimentary sequence and found that the Vika layer dates to similar to 0.8 Ma, shortly before the Brunhes-Matuyama boundary. In addition, according to our age model and previously reported optically stimulated luminescence and electron spin resonance dates, the Nosak fossils have an estimated age of 0.19 Ma and lived during the earliest part of Marine Isotope Stage 6. It appears therefore that at Kostolac, M. trogontherii is preserved both at its earliest occurrence at similar to 0.8 Ma and close to its latest occurrence at 0.19 Ma, and may well have been present in between, albeit not yet found. We speculate that megaherbivores such as M. trogontherii entered Europe along a conjunct Danube-Po River migration conduit connecting western Asia-Levant with central-southern Europe where vast and exploitable ecosystems, particularly suited for steppe- or savanna-adapted megaherbivores from Asia and Africa, developed during the late early Pleistocene climate revolution at around 0.8 Ma.",
publisher = "Cambridge Univ Press, New York",
journal = "Quaternary Research",
title = "Age of Mammuthus trogontherii from Kostolac, Serbia, and the entry of megaherbivores into Europe during the Late Matuyama climate revolution",
pages = "447-439",
number = "3",
volume = "84",
doi = "10.1016/j.yqres.2015.09.001"
}

Muttoni, G., Scardia, G., Dimitrijević, V., Kent, D. V., Monesi, E., Mrđić, N.,& Korać, M.. (2015). Age of Mammuthus trogontherii from Kostolac, Serbia, and the entry of megaherbivores into Europe during the Late Matuyama climate revolution. in Quaternary Research
Cambridge Univ Press, New York., 84(3), 439-447.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2015.09.001

Muttoni G, Scardia G, Dimitrijević V, Kent DV, Monesi E, Mrđić N, Korać M. Age of Mammuthus trogontherii from Kostolac, Serbia, and the entry of megaherbivores into Europe during the Late Matuyama climate revolution. in Quaternary Research. 2015;84(3):439-447.
doi:10.1016/j.yqres.2015.09.001 .

Muttoni, Giovanni, Scardia, Giancarlo, Dimitrijević, Vesna, Kent, Dennis V., Monesi, Edoardo, Mrđić, Nemanja, Korać, Miomir, "Age of Mammuthus trogontherii from Kostolac, Serbia, and the entry of megaherbivores into Europe during the Late Matuyama climate revolution" in Quaternary Research, 84, no. 3 (2015):439-447,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2015.09.001 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dimitrijević, Vesna
AU  - Mrđić, Nemanja
AU  - Korać, Miomir
AU  - Chu, Seimi
AU  - Kostic, Dejan
AU  - Jovičić, Mladen
AU  - Blackwell, Bonnie A. B.
PY  - 2015
UR  - http://rai.ai.ac.rs/handle/123456789/221
AB  - In 2012, bones and tusks of mammoths and remains of other large mammals scattered in a line 130 m long have been discovered in the loess deposits at the Nosak mound in the Kostolac Basin (Northeastern Serbia). Preliminary analyses indicate that remains come from Mammuthus trogontherii, Equus ferus mosbachensis and Cervidae indet. Steppe mammoth remains originate from at least four individuals, three adults, and one juvenile. They include the largest steppe mammoth tusks ever reported. The mammalian remains were mostly found disarticulated, except for few articulated skeleton elements. Individual bones and teeth were encased within thick carbonate concretions. From their composition, morphology, and manner of formation, these carbonate concretions resemble the characteristic "loess dolls" that form in loess. Bones were exposed to subaerial weathering for some time before burial. Some damage on the bones indicates biogenic agents of their fragmentation and dispersal. Animals were probably attracted to the spot by a water source in the vicinity, such as a spring or intermittent stream. The bones and teeth accumulated at a single level within the loess likely deposited in MIS 6, just above the upper of two paleosols formed during MIS 7. A sample from a mammoth molar plate has been ESR dated at 192 +/- 5 ka, correlating with the very early MIS 6, near the MIS 6/7 boundary. This makes the Nosak mammoth the most recent occurrence of steppe mammoths in Europe, and the sole find dated to MIS 6.
PB  - Elsevier Ltd, Oxford
T2  - Quaternary International
T1  - The latest steppe mammoths (Mammuthus trogontherii (Pohlig)) and associated fauna on the Late Middle Pleistocene steppe at Nosak, Kostolac Basin, Northeastern Serbia
EP  - 27
SP  - 14
VL  - 379
DO  - 10.1016/j.quaint.2015.06.025
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Dimitrijević, Vesna and Mrđić, Nemanja and Korać, Miomir and Chu, Seimi and Kostic, Dejan and Jovičić, Mladen and Blackwell, Bonnie A. B.",
year = "2015",
abstract = "In 2012, bones and tusks of mammoths and remains of other large mammals scattered in a line 130 m long have been discovered in the loess deposits at the Nosak mound in the Kostolac Basin (Northeastern Serbia). Preliminary analyses indicate that remains come from Mammuthus trogontherii, Equus ferus mosbachensis and Cervidae indet. Steppe mammoth remains originate from at least four individuals, three adults, and one juvenile. They include the largest steppe mammoth tusks ever reported. The mammalian remains were mostly found disarticulated, except for few articulated skeleton elements. Individual bones and teeth were encased within thick carbonate concretions. From their composition, morphology, and manner of formation, these carbonate concretions resemble the characteristic "loess dolls" that form in loess. Bones were exposed to subaerial weathering for some time before burial. Some damage on the bones indicates biogenic agents of their fragmentation and dispersal. Animals were probably attracted to the spot by a water source in the vicinity, such as a spring or intermittent stream. The bones and teeth accumulated at a single level within the loess likely deposited in MIS 6, just above the upper of two paleosols formed during MIS 7. A sample from a mammoth molar plate has been ESR dated at 192 +/- 5 ka, correlating with the very early MIS 6, near the MIS 6/7 boundary. This makes the Nosak mammoth the most recent occurrence of steppe mammoths in Europe, and the sole find dated to MIS 6.",
publisher = "Elsevier Ltd, Oxford",
journal = "Quaternary International",
title = "The latest steppe mammoths (Mammuthus trogontherii (Pohlig)) and associated fauna on the Late Middle Pleistocene steppe at Nosak, Kostolac Basin, Northeastern Serbia",
pages = "27-14",
volume = "379",
doi = "10.1016/j.quaint.2015.06.025"
}

Dimitrijević, V., Mrđić, N., Korać, M., Chu, S., Kostic, D., Jovičić, M.,& Blackwell, B. A. B.. (2015). The latest steppe mammoths (Mammuthus trogontherii (Pohlig)) and associated fauna on the Late Middle Pleistocene steppe at Nosak, Kostolac Basin, Northeastern Serbia. in Quaternary International
Elsevier Ltd, Oxford., 379, 14-27.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2015.06.025

Dimitrijević V, Mrđić N, Korać M, Chu S, Kostic D, Jovičić M, Blackwell BAB. The latest steppe mammoths (Mammuthus trogontherii (Pohlig)) and associated fauna on the Late Middle Pleistocene steppe at Nosak, Kostolac Basin, Northeastern Serbia. in Quaternary International. 2015;379:14-27.
doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2015.06.025 .

Dimitrijević, Vesna, Mrđić, Nemanja, Korać, Miomir, Chu, Seimi, Kostic, Dejan, Jovičić, Mladen, Blackwell, Bonnie A. B., "The latest steppe mammoths (Mammuthus trogontherii (Pohlig)) and associated fauna on the Late Middle Pleistocene steppe at Nosak, Kostolac Basin, Northeastern Serbia" in Quaternary International, 379 (2015):14-27,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2015.06.025 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bulatović, Jelena
AU  - Bulatović, Aleksandar
AU  - Marković, Nemanja
PY  - 2014
UR  - http://rai.ai.ac.rs/handle/123456789/218
AB  - During a rescue archeological excavation in 2012 at the site of Ranutovac-Meaniste near Vranje, southern Serbia, remains of an Early Iron Age (Hallstatt B-C) settlement were revealed. In one of the settlement pits a complete horse skeleton was discovered. The skeleton belongs to a mare, aged 4-5 years at death. In this paper, paleopathological changes in the horse skeleton are described and analyzed using macroscopic, radiographic and scanning electron microscopy techniques to interpret the possible use of the animal. Potential bitting damage is observed in the lower second premolars (P-2) and mandibular diastema. Several pathologies are recorded in thoracic (T10-17) and lumbar vertebrae (L-1). Paleopathological changes in forelimbs are restricted to the lower leg bones. Bone changes in the hind-limbs, beside the metatarsals and the first phalanges, are also observed in the right femur, right calcaneum and both tibiae. These paleopathological changes were caused by chronic inflammation of ligaments as a consequence of the intensive exploitation of the animal, most likely riding. This paper is one of the first publications of animal paleopathology in Serbia and the first identified example of coxofemoral osteochondrosis in horse in the paleopathological literature.
PB  - Elsevier Science Inc, New York
T2  - International Journal of Paleopathology
T1  - Paleopathological changes in an early iron age horse skeleton from the Central Balkans (Serbia)
EP  - 82
SP  - 76
VL  - 7
DO  - 10.1016/j.ijpp.2014.07.001
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Bulatović, Jelena and Bulatović, Aleksandar and Marković, Nemanja",
year = "2014",
abstract = "During a rescue archeological excavation in 2012 at the site of Ranutovac-Meaniste near Vranje, southern Serbia, remains of an Early Iron Age (Hallstatt B-C) settlement were revealed. In one of the settlement pits a complete horse skeleton was discovered. The skeleton belongs to a mare, aged 4-5 years at death. In this paper, paleopathological changes in the horse skeleton are described and analyzed using macroscopic, radiographic and scanning electron microscopy techniques to interpret the possible use of the animal. Potential bitting damage is observed in the lower second premolars (P-2) and mandibular diastema. Several pathologies are recorded in thoracic (T10-17) and lumbar vertebrae (L-1). Paleopathological changes in forelimbs are restricted to the lower leg bones. Bone changes in the hind-limbs, beside the metatarsals and the first phalanges, are also observed in the right femur, right calcaneum and both tibiae. These paleopathological changes were caused by chronic inflammation of ligaments as a consequence of the intensive exploitation of the animal, most likely riding. This paper is one of the first publications of animal paleopathology in Serbia and the first identified example of coxofemoral osteochondrosis in horse in the paleopathological literature.",
publisher = "Elsevier Science Inc, New York",
journal = "International Journal of Paleopathology",
title = "Paleopathological changes in an early iron age horse skeleton from the Central Balkans (Serbia)",
pages = "82-76",
volume = "7",
doi = "10.1016/j.ijpp.2014.07.001"
}

Bulatović, J., Bulatović, A.,& Marković, N.. (2014). Paleopathological changes in an early iron age horse skeleton from the Central Balkans (Serbia). in International Journal of Paleopathology
Elsevier Science Inc, New York., 7, 76-82.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpp.2014.07.001

Bulatović J, Bulatović A, Marković N. Paleopathological changes in an early iron age horse skeleton from the Central Balkans (Serbia). in International Journal of Paleopathology. 2014;7:76-82.
doi:10.1016/j.ijpp.2014.07.001 .

Bulatović, Jelena, Bulatović, Aleksandar, Marković, Nemanja, "Paleopathological changes in an early iron age horse skeleton from the Central Balkans (Serbia)" in International Journal of Paleopathology, 7 (2014):76-82,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpp.2014.07.001 . .

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Vitezović, Selena
PY  - 2013
UR  - http://rai.ai.ac.rs/handle/123456789/759
AB  - This paper will focus on the analysis of raw and worked osseous materials from several Vinča culture (Late Neolithic and Chalcolithic) sites from central Balkans (Vinča, Kormadin, Selevac, Divostin, Grivac, Drenovac, Slatina, Stragari) – the methods of acquiring of raw materials and managing of available raw materials for certain types of objects. Varieties in presence of red deer and roe deer antlers suggest that they were probably not collected and worked on every site, raise possibilities of an exchange system of raw materials between clustered sites, and also suggest differences in economic organization on Vinča culture sites. The preferences for certain skeletal parts for specific objects suggest high level of technological skills, but also probable symbolic values attributed to certain raw materials.
PB  - Oxford : Oxbow
T2  - From these bare bones: raw materials and the study of worked osseous objects
T1  - Osseous Raw Materials in the Vinča Culture
EP  - 72
SP  - 61
DO  - 10.2307/j.ctvh1dgv3.12
ER  - 

@inbook{
author = "Vitezović, Selena",
year = "2013",
abstract = "This paper will focus on the analysis of raw and worked osseous materials from several Vinča culture (Late Neolithic and Chalcolithic) sites from central Balkans (Vinča, Kormadin, Selevac, Divostin, Grivac, Drenovac, Slatina, Stragari) – the methods of acquiring of raw materials and managing of available raw materials for certain types of objects. Varieties in presence of red deer and roe deer antlers suggest that they were probably not collected and worked on every site, raise possibilities of an exchange system of raw materials between clustered sites, and also suggest differences in economic organization on Vinča culture sites. The preferences for certain skeletal parts for specific objects suggest high level of technological skills, but also probable symbolic values attributed to certain raw materials.",
publisher = "Oxford : Oxbow",
journal = "From these bare bones: raw materials and the study of worked osseous objects",
booktitle = "Osseous Raw Materials in the Vinča Culture",
pages = "72-61",
doi = "10.2307/j.ctvh1dgv3.12"
}

Vitezović, S.. (2013). Osseous Raw Materials in the Vinča Culture. in From these bare bones: raw materials and the study of worked osseous objects
Oxford : Oxbow., 61-72.
https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvh1dgv3.12

Vitezović S. Osseous Raw Materials in the Vinča Culture. in From these bare bones: raw materials and the study of worked osseous objects. 2013;:61-72.
doi:10.2307/j.ctvh1dgv3.12 .

Vitezović, Selena, "Osseous Raw Materials in the Vinča Culture" in From these bare bones: raw materials and the study of worked osseous objects (2013):61-72,
https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvh1dgv3.12 . .