TY  - JOUR
AU  - Borić-Brešković, Bojana
AU  - Vojvoda, Mirjana
PY  - 2023
UR  - http://rai.ai.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1131
AB  - The Glibovac hoard was discovered in the eponymous village in the Bubanja
area near Smederevska Palanka. In 1919, 375 pieces were purchased for the National
Museum of Serbia. After the conservation treatment and review, it was established that
the hoard contained 339 denarii and antoniniani, spanning the period from Septimius
Severus (195 AD) to Trebonianus Gallus and Volusian (252/253).
PB  - Beograd : Narodni muzej Srbije
T2  - Numizmatičar
T1  - A hoard of denarii and antoniniani from the village of Glibovac near Smederevska Palanka
EP  - 190
IS  - 41
SP  - 9
DO  - 10.18485/nms_numiz.2023.41.1
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Borić-Brešković, Bojana and Vojvoda, Mirjana",
year = "2023",
abstract = "The Glibovac hoard was discovered in the eponymous village in the Bubanja
area near Smederevska Palanka. In 1919, 375 pieces were purchased for the National
Museum of Serbia. After the conservation treatment and review, it was established that
the hoard contained 339 denarii and antoniniani, spanning the period from Septimius
Severus (195 AD) to Trebonianus Gallus and Volusian (252/253).",
publisher = "Beograd : Narodni muzej Srbije",
journal = "Numizmatičar",
title = "A hoard of denarii and antoniniani from the village of Glibovac near Smederevska Palanka",
pages = "190-9",
number = "41",
doi = "10.18485/nms_numiz.2023.41.1"
}

Borić-Brešković, B.,& Vojvoda, M.. (2023). A hoard of denarii and antoniniani from the village of Glibovac near Smederevska Palanka. in Numizmatičar
Beograd : Narodni muzej Srbije.(41), 9-190.
https://doi.org/10.18485/nms_numiz.2023.41.1

Borić-Brešković B, Vojvoda M. A hoard of denarii and antoniniani from the village of Glibovac near Smederevska Palanka. in Numizmatičar. 2023;(41):9-190.
doi:10.18485/nms_numiz.2023.41.1 .

Borić-Brešković, Bojana, Vojvoda, Mirjana, "A hoard of denarii and antoniniani from the village of Glibovac near Smederevska Palanka" in Numizmatičar, no. 41 (2023):9-190,
https://doi.org/10.18485/nms_numiz.2023.41.1 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Borić-Brešković, Bojana
AU  - Vojvoda, Mirjana
PY  - 2022
UR  - http://rai.ai.ac.rs/handle/123456789/673
AB  - The Klisurica hoard was discovered in 1986 in the village of the same name, situated on the Grebac mountain pass, on the southern slope of Mali Jastrebac, near Prokuplje. It consists of 1655 denarii and antoniniani, spanning the period from Vespasian to Trajan Decius. Numerous archaeological sites from the Roman period have been registered on the southern side of the Jastrebac massif and in the Toplica region, while the remains of a villa rustica to the south of the Klisurica village are the most important regarding our find. One of the most important central Balkan routes, the Lissus – Naissus – Ratiaria, which connected the Adriatic and the Black seas, used to pass this way. Considering the position of the site and conditions in the surrounding area, the owners of the villa and its inhabitants were undoubtedly farmers and cattle breeders, and were most probably the owners of the coin hoard.
PB  - Beograd : Narodni muzej
T2  - Numizmatičar
T1  - A hoard of denarii and antoniniani from the village of Klisurica near Prokuplje (southern Serbia)
EP  - 304
SP  - 9
VL  - 40
DO  - 10.18485/nms_numiz.2022.40.1
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Borić-Brešković, Bojana and Vojvoda, Mirjana",
year = "2022",
abstract = "The Klisurica hoard was discovered in 1986 in the village of the same name, situated on the Grebac mountain pass, on the southern slope of Mali Jastrebac, near Prokuplje. It consists of 1655 denarii and antoniniani, spanning the period from Vespasian to Trajan Decius. Numerous archaeological sites from the Roman period have been registered on the southern side of the Jastrebac massif and in the Toplica region, while the remains of a villa rustica to the south of the Klisurica village are the most important regarding our find. One of the most important central Balkan routes, the Lissus – Naissus – Ratiaria, which connected the Adriatic and the Black seas, used to pass this way. Considering the position of the site and conditions in the surrounding area, the owners of the villa and its inhabitants were undoubtedly farmers and cattle breeders, and were most probably the owners of the coin hoard.",
publisher = "Beograd : Narodni muzej",
journal = "Numizmatičar",
title = "A hoard of denarii and antoniniani from the village of Klisurica near Prokuplje (southern Serbia)",
pages = "304-9",
volume = "40",
doi = "10.18485/nms_numiz.2022.40.1"
}

Borić-Brešković, B.,& Vojvoda, M.. (2022). A hoard of denarii and antoniniani from the village of Klisurica near Prokuplje (southern Serbia). in Numizmatičar
Beograd : Narodni muzej., 40, 9-304.
https://doi.org/10.18485/nms_numiz.2022.40.1

Borić-Brešković B, Vojvoda M. A hoard of denarii and antoniniani from the village of Klisurica near Prokuplje (southern Serbia). in Numizmatičar. 2022;40:9-304.
doi:10.18485/nms_numiz.2022.40.1 .

Borić-Brešković, Bojana, Vojvoda, Mirjana, "A hoard of denarii and antoniniani from the village of Klisurica near Prokuplje (southern Serbia)" in Numizmatičar, 40 (2022):9-304,
https://doi.org/10.18485/nms_numiz.2022.40.1 . .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Borić-Brešković, Bojana
AU  - Vojvoda, Mirjana
PY  - 2021
UR  - http://rai.ai.ac.rs/handle/123456789/666
AB  - Monetary finds, especially coin hoards, are unavoidable sources for studying the political, economic and social history of a certain period and territory. Coin hoards are particularly valuable in the interpretation of complex historical processes in the Roman Empire, especially in the 3rd century, from which written sources fail to provide the anticipated clues. Given these circumstances, the analysis of finds requires caution in their interpretation primarily because the conditions of discovery are often insufficiently reliable, and the mandatory comparison with similar finds from the immediate and broader vicinity.
	A large number of coin hoards from the territory of present-day Serbia originate from the 3rd century, wherein they gradually grew in numbers from the time of Alexander Severus and peaked in the period between 252 and 254 AD (Graph 1).
PB  - Rousse : Rousse Regional Museum of History
C3  - Coin hoards in Southeastern Europe (1st–6th century AD)
T1  - Roman Coin Hoards deposited during the reign of Philip I from the territory of present-day Serbia
EP  - 105
SP  - 95
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_666
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Borić-Brešković, Bojana and Vojvoda, Mirjana",
year = "2021",
abstract = "Monetary finds, especially coin hoards, are unavoidable sources for studying the political, economic and social history of a certain period and territory. Coin hoards are particularly valuable in the interpretation of complex historical processes in the Roman Empire, especially in the 3rd century, from which written sources fail to provide the anticipated clues. Given these circumstances, the analysis of finds requires caution in their interpretation primarily because the conditions of discovery are often insufficiently reliable, and the mandatory comparison with similar finds from the immediate and broader vicinity.
	A large number of coin hoards from the territory of present-day Serbia originate from the 3rd century, wherein they gradually grew in numbers from the time of Alexander Severus and peaked in the period between 252 and 254 AD (Graph 1).",
publisher = "Rousse : Rousse Regional Museum of History",
journal = "Coin hoards in Southeastern Europe (1st–6th century AD)",
title = "Roman Coin Hoards deposited during the reign of Philip I from the territory of present-day Serbia",
pages = "105-95",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_666"
}

Borić-Brešković, B.,& Vojvoda, M.. (2021). Roman Coin Hoards deposited during the reign of Philip I from the territory of present-day Serbia. in Coin hoards in Southeastern Europe (1st–6th century AD)
Rousse : Rousse Regional Museum of History., 95-105.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_666

Borić-Brešković B, Vojvoda M. Roman Coin Hoards deposited during the reign of Philip I from the territory of present-day Serbia. in Coin hoards in Southeastern Europe (1st–6th century AD). 2021;:95-105.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_666 .

Borić-Brešković, Bojana, Vojvoda, Mirjana, "Roman Coin Hoards deposited during the reign of Philip I from the territory of present-day Serbia" in Coin hoards in Southeastern Europe (1st–6th century AD) (2021):95-105,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_666 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Borić-Brešković, Bojana
AU  - Vojvoda, Mirjana
PY  - 2021
UR  - http://rai.ai.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1001
AB  - The scattered hoard of coins from an unknown site in the territory of Serbia consists of 17 antoniniani spanning the period from Philip I to Volusianus. The preserved number of specimens and the composition of the hoard do not enable us to determine the date when it was deposited. The unknown discovery location presents an additional difficulty, because there is no possibility to connect it with other well documented hoards from this territory. For these reasons, the scattered hoard, marked as Unknown Site 2, cannot be viewed as a reliable historical source, except for the fact that it testified about the existence of one more monetary find and contributed to information about the coins in circulation in the middle of the 3rd century.
PB  - Beograd : Narodni muzej
T2  - Numizmatičar
T1  - A scattered hoard of Roman coins in the territory of Serbia (unknown site 2)
EP  - 43
IS  - 39
SP  - 23
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1001
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Borić-Brešković, Bojana and Vojvoda, Mirjana",
year = "2021",
abstract = "The scattered hoard of coins from an unknown site in the territory of Serbia consists of 17 antoniniani spanning the period from Philip I to Volusianus. The preserved number of specimens and the composition of the hoard do not enable us to determine the date when it was deposited. The unknown discovery location presents an additional difficulty, because there is no possibility to connect it with other well documented hoards from this territory. For these reasons, the scattered hoard, marked as Unknown Site 2, cannot be viewed as a reliable historical source, except for the fact that it testified about the existence of one more monetary find and contributed to information about the coins in circulation in the middle of the 3rd century.",
publisher = "Beograd : Narodni muzej",
journal = "Numizmatičar",
title = "A scattered hoard of Roman coins in the territory of Serbia (unknown site 2)",
pages = "43-23",
number = "39",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1001"
}

Borić-Brešković, B.,& Vojvoda, M.. (2021). A scattered hoard of Roman coins in the territory of Serbia (unknown site 2). in Numizmatičar
Beograd : Narodni muzej.(39), 23-43.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1001

Borić-Brešković B, Vojvoda M. A scattered hoard of Roman coins in the territory of Serbia (unknown site 2). in Numizmatičar. 2021;(39):23-43.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1001 .

Borić-Brešković, Bojana, Vojvoda, Mirjana, "A scattered hoard of Roman coins in the territory of Serbia (unknown site 2)" in Numizmatičar, no. 39 (2021):23-43,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1001 .

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Borić-Brešković, Bojana
AU  - Vojvoda, Mirjana
PY  - 2020
UR  - http://rai.ai.ac.rs/handle/123456789/657
AB  - The scattered coin hoard from Paraćin consists of ten denarii and one antoninianus, ranging from Marcus Aurelius to Gordian III. According to the information recorded in literature, it was found in a ceramic vessel, which indicates that it was part of a much larger hoard, the original contents and the size of which are unknown to us. The preserved number and the contents do not allow the possibility for the usual statistical analyses, nor a more precise dating of its depositing. Despite its significantly impaired integrity and it belonging to the category of insufficiently reliable historical sources, it nevertheless testifies to the existence of one more coin hoard in central Pomoravlje. A correlation with other well-documented hoards from this area, which were located on the main communication road in Roman times, and the closer and the wider surroundings of the Horreum Margi, almost all of which were stored around the middle of the 3rd century, allows, with all restrictions, the conditional assumption that the hoard from Paraćin could have been buried during the same period.
PB  - Beograd : Arheološki institut
T2  - Illyricvm romanvm : Studiola in honorem Miloje Vasić
T1  - Monetary Find from Paraćin. The Problem of Dating Scattered Coin Hoards
EP  - 145
SP  - 132
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_657
ER  - 

@inbook{
author = "Borić-Brešković, Bojana and Vojvoda, Mirjana",
year = "2020",
abstract = "The scattered coin hoard from Paraćin consists of ten denarii and one antoninianus, ranging from Marcus Aurelius to Gordian III. According to the information recorded in literature, it was found in a ceramic vessel, which indicates that it was part of a much larger hoard, the original contents and the size of which are unknown to us. The preserved number and the contents do not allow the possibility for the usual statistical analyses, nor a more precise dating of its depositing. Despite its significantly impaired integrity and it belonging to the category of insufficiently reliable historical sources, it nevertheless testifies to the existence of one more coin hoard in central Pomoravlje. A correlation with other well-documented hoards from this area, which were located on the main communication road in Roman times, and the closer and the wider surroundings of the Horreum Margi, almost all of which were stored around the middle of the 3rd century, allows, with all restrictions, the conditional assumption that the hoard from Paraćin could have been buried during the same period.",
publisher = "Beograd : Arheološki institut",
journal = "Illyricvm romanvm : Studiola in honorem Miloje Vasić",
booktitle = "Monetary Find from Paraćin. The Problem of Dating Scattered Coin Hoards",
pages = "145-132",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_657"
}

Borić-Brešković, B.,& Vojvoda, M.. (2020). Monetary Find from Paraćin. The Problem of Dating Scattered Coin Hoards. in Illyricvm romanvm : Studiola in honorem Miloje Vasić
Beograd : Arheološki institut., 132-145.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_657

Borić-Brešković B, Vojvoda M. Monetary Find from Paraćin. The Problem of Dating Scattered Coin Hoards. in Illyricvm romanvm : Studiola in honorem Miloje Vasić. 2020;:132-145.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_657 .

Borić-Brešković, Bojana, Vojvoda, Mirjana, "Monetary Find from Paraćin. The Problem of Dating Scattered Coin Hoards" in Illyricvm romanvm : Studiola in honorem Miloje Vasić (2020):132-145,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_657 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Borić-Brešković, Bojana
AU  - Vojvoda, Mirjana
PY  - 2020
UR  - http://rai.ai.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1002
AB  - The hoard of Roman coins and jewellery from Dvorska near Krupanj contains 106 denarii, 366 antoniniani, eight pieces of silver jewellery and one silver chain with heart-shaped pendants. It was discovered in 1950 at the earliest, under unknown circumstances, and was purchased for the National Museum in several instances so we cannot exclude the possibility of the find being a partly scattered one. The monetary part of the find covers the period from Septimius Severus (195 AD) to the joint reign of Valerian I and Gallienus (254 AD). It belongs to a well-known horizon of hoards, which were registered in north-eastern Dalmatia, both the Pannonias and in Upper Moesia.
PB  - Beograd : Narodni muzej
T2  - Numizmatičar
T1  - Hoard of Roman silver coins and jewellery from the village of Dvorska near Krupanj (western Serbia)
EP  - 181
IS  - 38
SP  - 35
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1002
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Borić-Brešković, Bojana and Vojvoda, Mirjana",
year = "2020",
abstract = "The hoard of Roman coins and jewellery from Dvorska near Krupanj contains 106 denarii, 366 antoniniani, eight pieces of silver jewellery and one silver chain with heart-shaped pendants. It was discovered in 1950 at the earliest, under unknown circumstances, and was purchased for the National Museum in several instances so we cannot exclude the possibility of the find being a partly scattered one. The monetary part of the find covers the period from Septimius Severus (195 AD) to the joint reign of Valerian I and Gallienus (254 AD). It belongs to a well-known horizon of hoards, which were registered in north-eastern Dalmatia, both the Pannonias and in Upper Moesia.",
publisher = "Beograd : Narodni muzej",
journal = "Numizmatičar",
title = "Hoard of Roman silver coins and jewellery from the village of Dvorska near Krupanj (western Serbia)",
pages = "181-35",
number = "38",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1002"
}

Borić-Brešković, B.,& Vojvoda, M.. (2020). Hoard of Roman silver coins and jewellery from the village of Dvorska near Krupanj (western Serbia). in Numizmatičar
Beograd : Narodni muzej.(38), 35-181.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1002

Borić-Brešković B, Vojvoda M. Hoard of Roman silver coins and jewellery from the village of Dvorska near Krupanj (western Serbia). in Numizmatičar. 2020;(38):35-181.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1002 .

Borić-Brešković, Bojana, Vojvoda, Mirjana, "Hoard of Roman silver coins and jewellery from the village of Dvorska near Krupanj (western Serbia)" in Numizmatičar, no. 38 (2020):35-181,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1002 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Borić-Brešković, Bojana
AU  - Vojvoda, Mirjana
PY  - 2019
UR  - http://rai.ai.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1130
AB  - The six coin hoards deposited during the reign of Philip I originate from the territory of presentday
Serbia. The 247 AD horizon belongs the Mezul II (Dobri Do II) hoard, while the tpq. of the
burial of the Kremenica, Kalemegdan and Sikirica I hoards is linked to the year 248/249 AD. The
depositing of the Podrimce hoard could have alredy taken place in the first half of the reign of Philip
I (244-245 AD), although one cannot exclude the possibility of it being at a later date. The find from
Niška Kamenica does not provide an answer for reliable dating, although 247 AD could be accepted
provisionally, on the basis of the part of the hoard in the National Museum in Belgrade.
PB  - Rousse : Rousse Regional Museum of History
C3  - Abstracts of Papers : International Numismatic Symposium “Coin Hoards in Southeastern Europe”
T1  - Roman coin hoards deposited during the reign of Philip I from the territory of present-day Serbia [apstrakt]
EP  - 15
SP  - 14
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1130
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Borić-Brešković, Bojana and Vojvoda, Mirjana",
year = "2019",
abstract = "The six coin hoards deposited during the reign of Philip I originate from the territory of presentday
Serbia. The 247 AD horizon belongs the Mezul II (Dobri Do II) hoard, while the tpq. of the
burial of the Kremenica, Kalemegdan and Sikirica I hoards is linked to the year 248/249 AD. The
depositing of the Podrimce hoard could have alredy taken place in the first half of the reign of Philip
I (244-245 AD), although one cannot exclude the possibility of it being at a later date. The find from
Niška Kamenica does not provide an answer for reliable dating, although 247 AD could be accepted
provisionally, on the basis of the part of the hoard in the National Museum in Belgrade.",
publisher = "Rousse : Rousse Regional Museum of History",
journal = "Abstracts of Papers : International Numismatic Symposium “Coin Hoards in Southeastern Europe”",
title = "Roman coin hoards deposited during the reign of Philip I from the territory of present-day Serbia [apstrakt]",
pages = "15-14",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1130"
}

Borić-Brešković, B.,& Vojvoda, M.. (2019). Roman coin hoards deposited during the reign of Philip I from the territory of present-day Serbia [apstrakt]. in Abstracts of Papers : International Numismatic Symposium “Coin Hoards in Southeastern Europe”
Rousse : Rousse Regional Museum of History., 14-15.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1130

Borić-Brešković B, Vojvoda M. Roman coin hoards deposited during the reign of Philip I from the territory of present-day Serbia [apstrakt]. in Abstracts of Papers : International Numismatic Symposium “Coin Hoards in Southeastern Europe”. 2019;:14-15.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1130 .

Borić-Brešković, Bojana, Vojvoda, Mirjana, "Roman coin hoards deposited during the reign of Philip I from the territory of present-day Serbia [apstrakt]" in Abstracts of Papers : International Numismatic Symposium “Coin Hoards in Southeastern Europe” (2019):14-15,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1130 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Borić-Brešković, Bojana
AU  - Vojvoda, Mirjana
PY  - 2019
UR  - http://rai.ai.ac.rs/handle/123456789/675
AB  - The Mezul I hoard was discovered in 1966 in the area of Bobovik, a site on Mezul, in the vicinity of Smederevo. It consists of 272 denarii and antoniniani, spanning the period from Caracalla to Trajan Decius. Another hoard of Roman coins was discovered in the immediate vicinity in that same year, on the same site in the Mazgaj area (Mezul II; Trajan – Philip I). The character of architectural remains at Mezul cannot be clarified without the appropriate archaeological explorations, so the question remains open about whether they were just from a villa rustica or a civilian settlement. Both hoards were found in immediate proximity to the vicinal road (Vinceia i.e. Smederevo – present-day Smederevska Palanka and further on to the south), not far from the main via publica. The listing of numerous, so far unpublished finds from the Roman period, can confirm this route of the vicinal road, which was already proposed earlier. At the same time, they indicate that two other vicinal roads (viae vicinales) led from Smederevska Palanka, towards Kosmaj and Rudnik, strategically important mining zones in the interior of the province of Moesia Superior.
PB  - Beograd : Narodni muzej
T2  - Numizmatičar
T1  - Hoard of Roman coins from the vicinity of Smederevo Mezul I (Dobri Do I)
EP  - 241
IS  - 37
SP  - 187
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_675
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Borić-Brešković, Bojana and Vojvoda, Mirjana",
year = "2019",
abstract = "The Mezul I hoard was discovered in 1966 in the area of Bobovik, a site on Mezul, in the vicinity of Smederevo. It consists of 272 denarii and antoniniani, spanning the period from Caracalla to Trajan Decius. Another hoard of Roman coins was discovered in the immediate vicinity in that same year, on the same site in the Mazgaj area (Mezul II; Trajan – Philip I). The character of architectural remains at Mezul cannot be clarified without the appropriate archaeological explorations, so the question remains open about whether they were just from a villa rustica or a civilian settlement. Both hoards were found in immediate proximity to the vicinal road (Vinceia i.e. Smederevo – present-day Smederevska Palanka and further on to the south), not far from the main via publica. The listing of numerous, so far unpublished finds from the Roman period, can confirm this route of the vicinal road, which was already proposed earlier. At the same time, they indicate that two other vicinal roads (viae vicinales) led from Smederevska Palanka, towards Kosmaj and Rudnik, strategically important mining zones in the interior of the province of Moesia Superior.",
publisher = "Beograd : Narodni muzej",
journal = "Numizmatičar",
title = "Hoard of Roman coins from the vicinity of Smederevo Mezul I (Dobri Do I)",
pages = "241-187",
number = "37",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_675"
}

Borić-Brešković, B.,& Vojvoda, M.. (2019). Hoard of Roman coins from the vicinity of Smederevo Mezul I (Dobri Do I). in Numizmatičar
Beograd : Narodni muzej.(37), 187-241.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_675

Borić-Brešković B, Vojvoda M. Hoard of Roman coins from the vicinity of Smederevo Mezul I (Dobri Do I). in Numizmatičar. 2019;(37):187-241.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_675 .

Borić-Brešković, Bojana, Vojvoda, Mirjana, "Hoard of Roman coins from the vicinity of Smederevo Mezul I (Dobri Do I)" in Numizmatičar, no. 37 (2019):187-241,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_675 .

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Borić-Brešković, Bojana
AU  - Vojvoda, Mirjana
PY  - 2018
UR  - http://rai.ai.ac.rs/handle/123456789/406
AB  - The provincial mint in Viminacium, despite its short period in operation (239-254/255
AD), is significant for numismatic and historical research in several aspects. From the
very start, it is distinctive for its large monetary production and broad circulatory coverage.
The founding of the mint in Viminacium was the official way to temporarily
solve problems in the functioning of the Empire’s monetary system. On the basis of
registered finds of Viminacium provincial coinage, it is obvious that its circulation in
neighbouring and western provinces was much higher than in eastern ones. A considerable
number of these issues has also been registered in the area of the Barbaricum. Because
of precise chronological data, this currency is among the most reliable sources for
researching the history of the mid-3rd century, when the Danubian and Balkan provinces
were the main theatre of battle for the survival of a part of the Roman Empire.
PB  - Belgrade : Institute of Archaeology
T2  - Vivere Militare Est : From Populus to Emperors - Living on the Frontier
T1  - Circulation of Provincial Coins of the Viminacium Colony
EP  - 100
SP  - 73
VL  - 2
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_406
ER  - 

@inbook{
author = "Borić-Brešković, Bojana and Vojvoda, Mirjana",
year = "2018",
abstract = "The provincial mint in Viminacium, despite its short period in operation (239-254/255
AD), is significant for numismatic and historical research in several aspects. From the
very start, it is distinctive for its large monetary production and broad circulatory coverage.
The founding of the mint in Viminacium was the official way to temporarily
solve problems in the functioning of the Empire’s monetary system. On the basis of
registered finds of Viminacium provincial coinage, it is obvious that its circulation in
neighbouring and western provinces was much higher than in eastern ones. A considerable
number of these issues has also been registered in the area of the Barbaricum. Because
of precise chronological data, this currency is among the most reliable sources for
researching the history of the mid-3rd century, when the Danubian and Balkan provinces
were the main theatre of battle for the survival of a part of the Roman Empire.",
publisher = "Belgrade : Institute of Archaeology",
journal = "Vivere Militare Est : From Populus to Emperors - Living on the Frontier",
booktitle = "Circulation of Provincial Coins of the Viminacium Colony",
pages = "100-73",
volume = "2",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_406"
}

Borić-Brešković, B.,& Vojvoda, M.. (2018). Circulation of Provincial Coins of the Viminacium Colony. in Vivere Militare Est : From Populus to Emperors - Living on the Frontier
Belgrade : Institute of Archaeology., 2, 73-100.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_406

Borić-Brešković B, Vojvoda M. Circulation of Provincial Coins of the Viminacium Colony. in Vivere Militare Est : From Populus to Emperors - Living on the Frontier. 2018;2:73-100.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_406 .

Borić-Brešković, Bojana, Vojvoda, Mirjana, "Circulation of Provincial Coins of the Viminacium Colony" in Vivere Militare Est : From Populus to Emperors - Living on the Frontier, 2 (2018):73-100,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_406 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Borić-Brešković, Bojana
AU  - Vojvoda, Mirjana
PY  - 2018
UR  - http://rai.ai.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1004
AB  - У прилогу је анализирано 127 примерака новца градова македон-
ске федерације (Коинон Македоније) у распону од Клаудија I до Филипа I.
Од овог броја 96 се налази у нумизматичкој збирци Народног музеја у Бео-
граду, док 31 монета потиче са археолошких ископавања у Виминацијуму.
PB  - Beograd : Narodni muzej
T2  - Numizmatičar
T1  - Коинон Македоније. Римски провинцијални новац из збирке Народног музеја у Београду и са јужних некропола Виминацијума
EP  - 50
IS  - 36
SP  - 19
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1004
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Borić-Brešković, Bojana and Vojvoda, Mirjana",
year = "2018",
abstract = "У прилогу је анализирано 127 примерака новца градова македон-
ске федерације (Коинон Македоније) у распону од Клаудија I до Филипа I.
Од овог броја 96 се налази у нумизматичкој збирци Народног музеја у Бео-
граду, док 31 монета потиче са археолошких ископавања у Виминацијуму.",
publisher = "Beograd : Narodni muzej",
journal = "Numizmatičar",
title = "Коинон Македоније. Римски провинцијални новац из збирке Народног музеја у Београду и са јужних некропола Виминацијума",
pages = "50-19",
number = "36",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1004"
}

Borić-Brešković, B.,& Vojvoda, M.. (2018). Коинон Македоније. Римски провинцијални новац из збирке Народног музеја у Београду и са јужних некропола Виминацијума. in Numizmatičar
Beograd : Narodni muzej.(36), 19-50.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1004

Borić-Brešković B, Vojvoda M. Коинон Македоније. Римски провинцијални новац из збирке Народног музеја у Београду и са јужних некропола Виминацијума. in Numizmatičar. 2018;(36):19-50.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1004 .

Borić-Brešković, Bojana, Vojvoda, Mirjana, "Коинон Македоније. Римски провинцијални новац из збирке Народног музеја у Београду и са јужних некропола Виминацијума" in Numizmatičar, no. 36 (2018):19-50,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1004 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Borić-Brešković, Bojana
AU  - Vojvoda, Mirjana
PY  - 2017
UR  - http://rai.ai.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1000
AB  - A total of 7,026 coins were discovered during the archaeological excavations
of the Viminacium necropolises, Više Grobalja and Pećine. Of the total
number of specimens that were available for processing (6,233) 1,100 belonged
to provincial coinage. From the Stobi mint came 72 bronze coins, which include
coins struck in the names of Titus and Domitian - joint issue striking under Vespasian
(1), Trajan (1), Septimius Severus (13), Julia Domna (18), Caracalla (37) and
Geta (2).
PB  - Beograd : Narodni muzej
T2  - Numizmatičar
T1  - Coins of the Stobi Colony from the necropolises of Viminacium – Više Grobalja and Pećine
EP  - 31
IS  - 35
SP  - 7
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1000
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Borić-Brešković, Bojana and Vojvoda, Mirjana",
year = "2017",
abstract = "A total of 7,026 coins were discovered during the archaeological excavations
of the Viminacium necropolises, Više Grobalja and Pećine. Of the total
number of specimens that were available for processing (6,233) 1,100 belonged
to provincial coinage. From the Stobi mint came 72 bronze coins, which include
coins struck in the names of Titus and Domitian - joint issue striking under Vespasian
(1), Trajan (1), Septimius Severus (13), Julia Domna (18), Caracalla (37) and
Geta (2).",
publisher = "Beograd : Narodni muzej",
journal = "Numizmatičar",
title = "Coins of the Stobi Colony from the necropolises of Viminacium – Više Grobalja and Pećine",
pages = "31-7",
number = "35",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1000"
}

Borić-Brešković, B.,& Vojvoda, M.. (2017). Coins of the Stobi Colony from the necropolises of Viminacium – Više Grobalja and Pećine. in Numizmatičar
Beograd : Narodni muzej.(35), 7-31.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1000

Borić-Brešković B, Vojvoda M. Coins of the Stobi Colony from the necropolises of Viminacium – Više Grobalja and Pećine. in Numizmatičar. 2017;(35):7-31.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1000 .

Borić-Brešković, Bojana, Vojvoda, Mirjana, "Coins of the Stobi Colony from the necropolises of Viminacium – Više Grobalja and Pećine" in Numizmatičar, no. 35 (2017):7-31,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1000 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Borić-Brešković, Bojana
AU  - Vojvoda, Mirjana
PY  - 2016
UR  - http://rai.ai.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1005
AB  - The Sikirica I hoard was discovered in the village of the same name,
to the south of Paraćin. It consists of 240 denarii and 52 antoniniani and is part
of a scattered find, which did not reach the National Museum in Belgrade in its
entirety. The oldest specimen is Vespasian’s denarius from 70 AD, and the latest
is the antoninianus of Philip I from the eighth issue of the Rome mint, dated in
248-249, so this date represents the terminus post quem of the Sikirica I find. Two
analogous finds have been identified in the territory of Moesia Superior: in the
Kalemegdan (Belgrade) and in Kremenica near Bela Palanka, known as Remesiana
in Antiquity. Despite the incomplete archaeological finds from the field, we may
assume that agricultural holdings existed in the areal of the Sikirica village and that
the find represented the savings of the owner of the villa. As for the cause for its
concealment, the predominant view is that the barbarian raids in the neighbouring
provinces had not directly contributed to it. The real reasons for depositing the
Sikirica I hoard should be viewed most probably as the consequence of usurpations
and the emerging imperial pretenders, causing internal turmoil the centre of which
was the Danube River basin.
PB  - Beograd : Narodni muzej
T2  - Numizmatičar
T1  - A Hoard of denarii and antoniniani from the village of Sikirica near Paraćin (Sikirica I)
EP  - 102
IS  - 34
SP  - 7
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1005
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Borić-Brešković, Bojana and Vojvoda, Mirjana",
year = "2016",
abstract = "The Sikirica I hoard was discovered in the village of the same name,
to the south of Paraćin. It consists of 240 denarii and 52 antoniniani and is part
of a scattered find, which did not reach the National Museum in Belgrade in its
entirety. The oldest specimen is Vespasian’s denarius from 70 AD, and the latest
is the antoninianus of Philip I from the eighth issue of the Rome mint, dated in
248-249, so this date represents the terminus post quem of the Sikirica I find. Two
analogous finds have been identified in the territory of Moesia Superior: in the
Kalemegdan (Belgrade) and in Kremenica near Bela Palanka, known as Remesiana
in Antiquity. Despite the incomplete archaeological finds from the field, we may
assume that agricultural holdings existed in the areal of the Sikirica village and that
the find represented the savings of the owner of the villa. As for the cause for its
concealment, the predominant view is that the barbarian raids in the neighbouring
provinces had not directly contributed to it. The real reasons for depositing the
Sikirica I hoard should be viewed most probably as the consequence of usurpations
and the emerging imperial pretenders, causing internal turmoil the centre of which
was the Danube River basin.",
publisher = "Beograd : Narodni muzej",
journal = "Numizmatičar",
title = "A Hoard of denarii and antoniniani from the village of Sikirica near Paraćin (Sikirica I)",
pages = "102-7",
number = "34",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1005"
}

Borić-Brešković, B.,& Vojvoda, M.. (2016). A Hoard of denarii and antoniniani from the village of Sikirica near Paraćin (Sikirica I). in Numizmatičar
Beograd : Narodni muzej.(34), 7-102.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1005

Borić-Brešković B, Vojvoda M. A Hoard of denarii and antoniniani from the village of Sikirica near Paraćin (Sikirica I). in Numizmatičar. 2016;(34):7-102.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1005 .

Borić-Brešković, Bojana, Vojvoda, Mirjana, "A Hoard of denarii and antoniniani from the village of Sikirica near Paraćin (Sikirica I)" in Numizmatičar, no. 34 (2016):7-102,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1005 .

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Borić-Brešković, Bojana
AU  - Vojvoda, Mirjana
PY  - 2013
UR  - http://rai.ai.ac.rs/handle/123456789/664
AB  - THE PERIOD BETWEEN Diocletian’s accession to
power in 284 and the death of Constantine the Great
in 337 was marked by a series of fundamental reforms
in all areas of social life, on which these two emperors
left a major imprint. The tetrarchic system of government,
established by Diocletian in 293, inaugurated a
new ideological-religious concept of supreme authority,
which promoted the idea of an omnipotent ruler rooted in the myth of the domus divina and the rulers
of divine origins, whose titular deities were Jupiter
and Hercules. This new agenda, which implied the
total equality of the tetrarchs, their concord (concordia)
and ideal similarity (similitudo), brought about
radical changes in the portraiture of this period. The
Augusti and Caesars were portrayed as if they were
of the same age and had identical facial features and
a uniform expression concentrated on specific parts
of the face. Their eyes, wide open, under accentuated
eyebrows and wrinkled forehead, expressed commanding
earnestness, sternness and resolve. The basic
features of the new iconography can be observed on
coinage as a traditionally powerful propaganda medium,
which conveys a message about a charismatic
ruler through a combination of imperial portraits,
inscriptions and imagery.
PB  - Belgrade : National muzeum in Belgrade
T2  - Constantine the Great and the Edict of Milan 313. : The Birth of Christianity in the Roman Provinces on the soil of Serbia
T1  - The Iconography of Conastantine the Greatʼs Coinage
EP  - 233
SP  - 218
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_664
ER  - 

@inbook{
author = "Borić-Brešković, Bojana and Vojvoda, Mirjana",
year = "2013",
abstract = "THE PERIOD BETWEEN Diocletian’s accession to
power in 284 and the death of Constantine the Great
in 337 was marked by a series of fundamental reforms
in all areas of social life, on which these two emperors
left a major imprint. The tetrarchic system of government,
established by Diocletian in 293, inaugurated a
new ideological-religious concept of supreme authority,
which promoted the idea of an omnipotent ruler rooted in the myth of the domus divina and the rulers
of divine origins, whose titular deities were Jupiter
and Hercules. This new agenda, which implied the
total equality of the tetrarchs, their concord (concordia)
and ideal similarity (similitudo), brought about
radical changes in the portraiture of this period. The
Augusti and Caesars were portrayed as if they were
of the same age and had identical facial features and
a uniform expression concentrated on specific parts
of the face. Their eyes, wide open, under accentuated
eyebrows and wrinkled forehead, expressed commanding
earnestness, sternness and resolve. The basic
features of the new iconography can be observed on
coinage as a traditionally powerful propaganda medium,
which conveys a message about a charismatic
ruler through a combination of imperial portraits,
inscriptions and imagery.",
publisher = "Belgrade : National muzeum in Belgrade",
journal = "Constantine the Great and the Edict of Milan 313. : The Birth of Christianity in the Roman Provinces on the soil of Serbia",
booktitle = "The Iconography of Conastantine the Greatʼs Coinage",
pages = "233-218",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_664"
}

Borić-Brešković, B.,& Vojvoda, M.. (2013). The Iconography of Conastantine the Greatʼs Coinage. in Constantine the Great and the Edict of Milan 313. : The Birth of Christianity in the Roman Provinces on the soil of Serbia
Belgrade : National muzeum in Belgrade., 218-233.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_664

Borić-Brešković B, Vojvoda M. The Iconography of Conastantine the Greatʼs Coinage. in Constantine the Great and the Edict of Milan 313. : The Birth of Christianity in the Roman Provinces on the soil of Serbia. 2013;:218-233.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_664 .

Borić-Brešković, Bojana, Vojvoda, Mirjana, "The Iconography of Conastantine the Greatʼs Coinage" in Constantine the Great and the Edict of Milan 313. : The Birth of Christianity in the Roman Provinces on the soil of Serbia (2013):218-233,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_664 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Borić-Brešković, Bojana
AU  - Vojvoda, Mirjana
PY  - 2013
UR  - http://rai.ai.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1010
AB  - The Supska II hoard of Roman coins contains 933 denarii and two antoninians.
It was discovered in the village graveyard in the village of Supska in the immediate
neighbourhood of ancient Horreum Margi (present-day Ćuprija), an important point
on the Viminacium – Naissus via publica. Despite incomplete archaeological evidence
on the site, we can assume that in the immediate vicinity of Supska there was an agricultural
estate and that this find constituted the savings of the owner of a villa. The
earliest specimens in the find are the denarii of Marcus Antonius/Galba, and the last
is a denarius of Maximinus I, dated to between January/autumn (?) of 236, and the beginning
or first three months of 238. There may be several, different reasons for burial,
given the broad approximation of the date to during the short-lived rule of Maximinus
I – internal fiscal policy and the violence of the local administrations when collecting
taxes, the campaigns against the Sarmati and Dacians, about which historiography
has little to tell, or the preparations for the campaign Maximinus was going to launch
against Rome at the beginning of AD 238. The probability that the hoard was not collected
in its entirety at the site where it was found, leaves open the question as to the
cause of its burial.
PB  - Beograd : Narodni muzej
T2  - Numizmatičar
T1  - A Hoard fo Roman Silver Coins from the Village of Supska near Ćuprija (Supska II)
EP  - 153
IS  - 31
SP  - 9
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1010
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Borić-Brešković, Bojana and Vojvoda, Mirjana",
year = "2013",
abstract = "The Supska II hoard of Roman coins contains 933 denarii and two antoninians.
It was discovered in the village graveyard in the village of Supska in the immediate
neighbourhood of ancient Horreum Margi (present-day Ćuprija), an important point
on the Viminacium – Naissus via publica. Despite incomplete archaeological evidence
on the site, we can assume that in the immediate vicinity of Supska there was an agricultural
estate and that this find constituted the savings of the owner of a villa. The
earliest specimens in the find are the denarii of Marcus Antonius/Galba, and the last
is a denarius of Maximinus I, dated to between January/autumn (?) of 236, and the beginning
or first three months of 238. There may be several, different reasons for burial,
given the broad approximation of the date to during the short-lived rule of Maximinus
I – internal fiscal policy and the violence of the local administrations when collecting
taxes, the campaigns against the Sarmati and Dacians, about which historiography
has little to tell, or the preparations for the campaign Maximinus was going to launch
against Rome at the beginning of AD 238. The probability that the hoard was not collected
in its entirety at the site where it was found, leaves open the question as to the
cause of its burial.",
publisher = "Beograd : Narodni muzej",
journal = "Numizmatičar",
title = "A Hoard fo Roman Silver Coins from the Village of Supska near Ćuprija (Supska II)",
pages = "153-9",
number = "31",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1010"
}

Borić-Brešković, B.,& Vojvoda, M.. (2013). A Hoard fo Roman Silver Coins from the Village of Supska near Ćuprija (Supska II). in Numizmatičar
Beograd : Narodni muzej.(31), 9-153.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1010

Borić-Brešković B, Vojvoda M. A Hoard fo Roman Silver Coins from the Village of Supska near Ćuprija (Supska II). in Numizmatičar. 2013;(31):9-153.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1010 .

Borić-Brešković, Bojana, Vojvoda, Mirjana, "A Hoard fo Roman Silver Coins from the Village of Supska near Ćuprija (Supska II)" in Numizmatičar, no. 31 (2013):9-153,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1010 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Borić-Brešković, Bojana
AU  - Vojvoda, Mirjana
PY  - 2012
UR  - http://rai.ai.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1011
AB  - The hoard of silver coins from the village of Mehovine near Šabac, according
to data available from earlier literature and the factual state, contains 489 (150) specimens,
ranging from Nero to Maximinus I, and represents part of a larger, scattered
find. The terminus post quem of the hoard’s burial can be seen from the denarii dated to
the period from January 236 A.D. to the start or the first quarter of 238 A.D., although
one should not overlook the fact that the find was scattered. It was discovered in the
context of a villa rustica, suggesting that it belonged to the owner of the property. The
reasons for its burial, given the broad approximation of the date to within the brief
rule of Maximinus I, could be dual – internal fiscal policy and the violence of soldiers
and of the local administration, or Maximinus’ preparations for a campaign on Rome
in early 238 A.D., bearing in mind that the emperor had his base in those years in the
immediate vicinity of Mehovine, in Sirmium.
PB  - Beograd : Narodni muzej
T2  - Numizmatičar
T1  - А Hoard of Roman Silver Coins from the Village of Mehovine near Šabac
EP  - 113
IS  - 30
SP  - 21
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1011
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Borić-Brešković, Bojana and Vojvoda, Mirjana",
year = "2012",
abstract = "The hoard of silver coins from the village of Mehovine near Šabac, according
to data available from earlier literature and the factual state, contains 489 (150) specimens,
ranging from Nero to Maximinus I, and represents part of a larger, scattered
find. The terminus post quem of the hoard’s burial can be seen from the denarii dated to
the period from January 236 A.D. to the start or the first quarter of 238 A.D., although
one should not overlook the fact that the find was scattered. It was discovered in the
context of a villa rustica, suggesting that it belonged to the owner of the property. The
reasons for its burial, given the broad approximation of the date to within the brief
rule of Maximinus I, could be dual – internal fiscal policy and the violence of soldiers
and of the local administration, or Maximinus’ preparations for a campaign on Rome
in early 238 A.D., bearing in mind that the emperor had his base in those years in the
immediate vicinity of Mehovine, in Sirmium.",
publisher = "Beograd : Narodni muzej",
journal = "Numizmatičar",
title = "А Hoard of Roman Silver Coins from the Village of Mehovine near Šabac",
pages = "113-21",
number = "30",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1011"
}

Borić-Brešković, B.,& Vojvoda, M.. (2012). А Hoard of Roman Silver Coins from the Village of Mehovine near Šabac. in Numizmatičar
Beograd : Narodni muzej.(30), 21-113.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1011

Borić-Brešković B, Vojvoda M. А Hoard of Roman Silver Coins from the Village of Mehovine near Šabac. in Numizmatičar. 2012;(30):21-113.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1011 .

Borić-Brešković, Bojana, Vojvoda, Mirjana, "А Hoard of Roman Silver Coins from the Village of Mehovine near Šabac" in Numizmatičar, no. 30 (2012):21-113,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_1011 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Borić-Brešković, Bojana
AU  - Vojvoda, Mirjana
PY  - 2011
UR  - http://rai.ai.ac.rs/handle/123456789/129
AB  - Ostava rimskog novca iz Čortanovaca u Sremu sadrži 2457 denara, jednu likijsku i jednu drahmu iskovanu u pontskoj kovnici Amisus. Otkupljena je za Narodni Muzej u Beogradu početkom 1933, ali nije izvesno da je u punom sastavu došla u Muzej. Najstariji primerci su denari Marka Antonija (32-31. p.n.e.), odnosno Nerona (64-65), a najmlađi Septimija Severa i Karakale pod Severom, datovani u 210. Treća je poznata ostava sa teritorije rimske provincije Donje Panonije iz Severovog vremena. U Gornjoj Panoniji zabeležene su tri, na teritoriji Gornje Mezije jedna, dok se njihov broj umnožava u Donjoj Meziji, Dakiji i posebno barbarikumu (27). Čortanovci su poznati po rimskom vojnom logoru na dunavskom limesu, ali njihovo rimsko ime nije poznato. Pripadali su teritoriji Basijana. Novija istraživanja i rekognosciranja ovog terena pokazala su da u okolini kastela i na trasi puta uz Dunav, od Petrovaradina preko Sremskih Karlovaca do Čortanovaca, postoje vile rustike i drugi ostaci iz rimskog doba, koji se uglavnom vezuju za vreme kasne antike. Osim velike ostave srebrnog rimskog novca, malo je podataka o drugim monetarnim nalazima. Jedan as Faustine II nađen je na lokalitetu Prosjanice u blizini kastela i sa istog lokaliteta potiču antoninijan Klaudija II i 13 primeraka kasnoantičkog bakarnog novca. U nalazu iz Čortanovaca prisutan je novac 25 vladara i članova njihovih porodica u rasponu od 242 godine (32/31. p.n.e. - 210. n.e.). Analiza procentualne zastupljenosti pokazuje da je najveći deo ostave prikupljen tokom II veka (82,87%) i da je tezauracija, započeta u vreme Vespazijana i nastavljena pod Trajanom i Hadrijanom, bila naročito intenzivirana za vladavine Antonina Pija. Pod Markom Aurelijem beleži pad, pokazuje značajniji zastoj u Komodovo vreme i novi uzlet u doba Severa. Kovanja Marka Antonija i izdanja do Trajana predstavljaju uglavnom relikte ranijeg opticajnog novca (Table 2, Graph 1). Podaci o godišnjem prilivu u ostavu razlikuju se kada je reč o kovanju Marka Antonija, Tita i Vespazijana zbog njihove kratkotrajne ili kraće vladavine u poređenju sa dužinom vladavine careva II veka. Godišnji priliv za vladare II veka se ne menja bitno u odnosu na njihovu ukupnu procentualnu zastupljenost osim kod Antonina Pija i Septimija Severa, koji pokazuju najveći godišnji priliv, ali sada u obrnutom odnosu i sa prevagom izdanja iz severijanskog razdoblja (Table 3, Graph 2). Najstariji primerci u nalazu su legionarski denari Marka Antonija iz 32/31. p.n.e. (52), a slede Neronovi (20) kovani između 64/65. i 67/68. Malobrojna izdanja Galbe (1), Otona (1) i Vitelija (3) osetno su ispod prosečne zastupljenosti u ostalim ostavama podunavsko-balkanskih provincija koje obuhvataju sličan vremenski interval. Izdanja Vespazijana i porodice (225) u okvirima su proseka, samostalna Titova (40) ispod proseka, slično kao i Domicijanova (55), kovana između 81/82. i 95/96. i sa hijatom od 82. do 87. Nerva (24) odgovara srednjim vrednostima za njegove emisije u podunavskim ostavama. Trajanova izdanja (289 denara i jedna drahma maloazijske Likije) zastupljena su u istom broju kao Hadrijan i porodica sa razlikom što je Hadrijanova drahma za Sabinu kovana u pontskoj kovnici Amisus. U ostavama sa teritorije Srbije zabeleženo je dosada još šest likijskih, četiri drahme Cezareje kapadokijske i tri drahme Amisusa. Hadrijanovo učešće je u većoj meri nego kod Trajana ispod proseka za podunavsko-balkanske nalaze, izuzimajući gornjopanonske sa sličnim prosekom. Procentualna zastupljenost Antonina Pija i porodice (527) je ponovo niža od vrednosti u ostalim ostavama, kao i Marka Aurelija (308), koja je još niža osim kod ostava iz Donje Mezije, dok su Komodova carska izdanja (112) u granicama proseka za donjopanonske nalaze, ali nadmašuju vrednosti u drugim podunavsko-balkanskim provincijama. Najbrojnija su izdanja severijanskog razdoblja (511) i od tada se pored denara iz rimske kovnice pojavljuju i denari iz istočnih kovnica - Emese i Laodikeje (67), kovani za Septimija Severa i Juliju Domnu. Do severijanskih emisija, osim jednog već poznatog hibridnog primerka (Hadrijan - kat. 978), uočeno je više varijeteta nezabeleženih u referentnom korpusu Roman Imperial Coinage: veći broj varijanti, uglavnom u aversnoj predstavi ili primerci koji nisu pravilno opisani (Trajan, Hadrijan, Antonin Pije i porodica, doba Marka Aurelija, Komod); nekoliko hibridnih denara (cezarska izdanja Marka Aurelija - kat. 1501 i Komoda - kat. 1773) ili hibrid/denar koji upotpunjuje seriju (?) (Domicijan kao cezar - kat. 335); denari koji pokazuju da je isto kovanje u zlatu imalo pandan i u srebru (Trajan - kat. 656, 657, deifikovana Faustina I - kat. 1420, Lucije Ver - kat. 1761); tipovi nezabeleženi u referentnom korpusu (Domicijan - kat. 358, Antonin Pije - kat. 1015, 1017, 1271, Marko Aurelije - kat. 1542, 1693, 1699, 1700, Komod - kat. 1855); neregularno kovanje (A. Pije za Faustinu II - kat. 1528). Pored manjih varijanti već prisutnih u RIC-u (kat. 2396, 2401), najviše novih tipoloških kombinacija pojavljuje se Severovom kovanju i gotovo sve potiču iz istočnih kovnica: Emesa - nepoznati u referentnom korpusu (kat. 2365, 2366, 2372, 2375), hibridni primerak (kat. 2397); Laodikeja - varijante (kat. 2406, 2409), nepoznati u referentnom korpusu (kat. 2403, 2407, 2408), hibrid ili regularno kovanje (kat. 2416); varvarska imitacija (kat. 2418). Među primercima rimske kovnice javlja se još jedna hibridna vrsta sa aversom Karakale i reversom Septimija Severa (kat. 2458). Horizont ostava iz razdoblja Septimija Severa u Donjoj Panoniji, osim čortanovačke, obuhvata samo dve ostave bitno drugačije strukture: ne sadrže novac I veka i obe se završavaju malim brojem Severovih primeraka bez učešća članova porodice zbog čega pokazuju niske procente njegovih emisija - Karejenon (2,64%) i Menden (0,97%). Nizak procenat (0,66%) beleži i nalaz iz okoline Požarevca, jedini sa teritorije Gornje Mezije i datovan u prvu deceniju Severove vlade (tpq. 198. ili 199-200). S druge strane, vrlo visoke vrednosti pokazuju ostave iz Gornje Panonije (22,45%) i Donje Mezije (19,62%), dok se u ostavama iz Dakije i barbarikuma, datovanim uglavnom nešto ranije (193-198) procenat Severovih izdanja kreće od 0,13% do 4,76%. Na osnovu izvedene analize može se uslovno zaključiti (za jedan broj ostava ne raspolažemo potpunim podacima o njihovom sadržaju i datovanju) da se ostava iz Čortanovaca po sastavu izdvaja od drugih nalaza Severovog horizonta sa prostora podunavskih provincija. Zapaža se da kraj njegove vladavine predstavlja prelomnutačku u tezauraciji i da ostave pohranjene tokom II veka i ostale do 211. imaju drugačiju strukturu od ostava zakopanih u kasnijim godinama III veka kada tezauracija započinje uglavnom u vreme Antonina. Najmlađim emisijama u ostavi iz Čortanovaca pripadaju tri denara Septimija Severa iz rimske kovnice sa aversnom legendom SEVERVS PIVS AVG BRIT. Autori RIC-a primerak sa reversom P M TR P XVIII COS III P P (Jupiter) datuju kao drugu seriju iz 210 (kat. 2309), dok druga dva sa reversom VICTORIAE BRIT (Viktorija) uključuju u nedatovanu emisiju iz 210-211 (kat. 2354, 2355). Najmlađi denar Karakale koji u aversnoj titulaturi sadrži takođe naziv BRIT(annicus), a na reversu predstavu Viktorije i isti natpis VICTORIAE BRIT (kat. 2458) vezuju za interval 210-213. Prema novijoj hronologiji F. Hila, koji je izdvojio pet emisija izdatih tokom 210, najmlađi primerci u ovom nalazu bili bi datovani u 210. i razvrstani u 1. emisiju (jan.) - Severov denar sa TR P XVIII i u posebnu emisiju (Victories in Britain 2) - dva Severova i jedan Karakalin denar sa pobedničkim nazivom BRIT na aversu i reversom VICTORIAE BRIT. Tako bi 210. godina, ujedno godina tokom koje je vođena druga Severova britanska kampanja, predstavljala najraniji terminus a quo zakopavanja nalaza iz Čortanovaca. Septimije Sever, Karakala i Geta su dobili titule Britannicus Max(imus) već početkom 210, proslavljajući i posebnim monetarnim serijama uspehe na britanskom tlu od kojih su dve prisutne u nalazu iz Čortanovaca. Posle Severove smrti 4. februara 211. Karakala je sklopio mir sa neprijateljem i počeo pripreme za povratak u Rim. U traženju povoda za pohranjivanja ostave iz Čortanovaca mala je verovatnoća da je reč o nekoj opasnosti od varvarskog upada. To je vreme prosperiteta provincije tokom kojeg je Septimije Sever nastojao da Panoniju povrati od uništenja izazvanih Markomanskim ratovima i obezbedi njen ekonomski napredak. Odgovore bi, najverovatnije, trebalo tražiti u nekim privatnim razlozima, ubiranju poreza, delovanju pljačkaša ili povećanom kretanju stanovništva povezanom sa čestim razmeštanjem vojnih jedinica. Među njima, iako samo u sferi pretpostavki, izvestan oslonac nalazimo u poznatim velikim konfiskacijama zemljišnih poseda, visokim taksama i promenama u sistemu upravljanja sprovođenim za vreme vladavine Septimija Severa.
AB  - The hoard of Roman coins from Čortanovci in Srem contains 2,457 denarii, one Lycian drachma and one drachma minted in the mint of Amisus, in Pontus. The oldest coins in the find are the denarii of Marcus Antonius/Nero, and the latest, those of Septimius Severus and Caracalla under Severus. The terminus a quo of the deposition of the find is provided by the denarii belonging to issue 1 (Jan.) - one denarius of Severus, and the Special Issue (Victories in Britain 2) - two denarii of Severus and one of Caracalla, all dated to 210. As the hoard did not reach the National Museum in its entirety, the possibility remains open for a somewhat later dating. The cause for the deposition of this large find should probably be sought in some reasons that could have been influenced by Severus' internal policy.
PB  - Narodni muzej, Beograd i Srpsko numizmatičko društvo, Beograd
T2  - Numizmatičar
T1  - Ostava rimskog novca iz Čortanovaca u Sremu
T1  - A hoard of roman coins from Čortanovci in Srem
EP  - 281
IS  - 29
SP  - 9
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_129
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Borić-Brešković, Bojana and Vojvoda, Mirjana",
year = "2011",
abstract = "Ostava rimskog novca iz Čortanovaca u Sremu sadrži 2457 denara, jednu likijsku i jednu drahmu iskovanu u pontskoj kovnici Amisus. Otkupljena je za Narodni Muzej u Beogradu početkom 1933, ali nije izvesno da je u punom sastavu došla u Muzej. Najstariji primerci su denari Marka Antonija (32-31. p.n.e.), odnosno Nerona (64-65), a najmlađi Septimija Severa i Karakale pod Severom, datovani u 210. Treća je poznata ostava sa teritorije rimske provincije Donje Panonije iz Severovog vremena. U Gornjoj Panoniji zabeležene su tri, na teritoriji Gornje Mezije jedna, dok se njihov broj umnožava u Donjoj Meziji, Dakiji i posebno barbarikumu (27). Čortanovci su poznati po rimskom vojnom logoru na dunavskom limesu, ali njihovo rimsko ime nije poznato. Pripadali su teritoriji Basijana. Novija istraživanja i rekognosciranja ovog terena pokazala su da u okolini kastela i na trasi puta uz Dunav, od Petrovaradina preko Sremskih Karlovaca do Čortanovaca, postoje vile rustike i drugi ostaci iz rimskog doba, koji se uglavnom vezuju za vreme kasne antike. Osim velike ostave srebrnog rimskog novca, malo je podataka o drugim monetarnim nalazima. Jedan as Faustine II nađen je na lokalitetu Prosjanice u blizini kastela i sa istog lokaliteta potiču antoninijan Klaudija II i 13 primeraka kasnoantičkog bakarnog novca. U nalazu iz Čortanovaca prisutan je novac 25 vladara i članova njihovih porodica u rasponu od 242 godine (32/31. p.n.e. - 210. n.e.). Analiza procentualne zastupljenosti pokazuje da je najveći deo ostave prikupljen tokom II veka (82,87%) i da je tezauracija, započeta u vreme Vespazijana i nastavljena pod Trajanom i Hadrijanom, bila naročito intenzivirana za vladavine Antonina Pija. Pod Markom Aurelijem beleži pad, pokazuje značajniji zastoj u Komodovo vreme i novi uzlet u doba Severa. Kovanja Marka Antonija i izdanja do Trajana predstavljaju uglavnom relikte ranijeg opticajnog novca (Table 2, Graph 1). Podaci o godišnjem prilivu u ostavu razlikuju se kada je reč o kovanju Marka Antonija, Tita i Vespazijana zbog njihove kratkotrajne ili kraće vladavine u poređenju sa dužinom vladavine careva II veka. Godišnji priliv za vladare II veka se ne menja bitno u odnosu na njihovu ukupnu procentualnu zastupljenost osim kod Antonina Pija i Septimija Severa, koji pokazuju najveći godišnji priliv, ali sada u obrnutom odnosu i sa prevagom izdanja iz severijanskog razdoblja (Table 3, Graph 2). Najstariji primerci u nalazu su legionarski denari Marka Antonija iz 32/31. p.n.e. (52), a slede Neronovi (20) kovani između 64/65. i 67/68. Malobrojna izdanja Galbe (1), Otona (1) i Vitelija (3) osetno su ispod prosečne zastupljenosti u ostalim ostavama podunavsko-balkanskih provincija koje obuhvataju sličan vremenski interval. Izdanja Vespazijana i porodice (225) u okvirima su proseka, samostalna Titova (40) ispod proseka, slično kao i Domicijanova (55), kovana između 81/82. i 95/96. i sa hijatom od 82. do 87. Nerva (24) odgovara srednjim vrednostima za njegove emisije u podunavskim ostavama. Trajanova izdanja (289 denara i jedna drahma maloazijske Likije) zastupljena su u istom broju kao Hadrijan i porodica sa razlikom što je Hadrijanova drahma za Sabinu kovana u pontskoj kovnici Amisus. U ostavama sa teritorije Srbije zabeleženo je dosada još šest likijskih, četiri drahme Cezareje kapadokijske i tri drahme Amisusa. Hadrijanovo učešće je u većoj meri nego kod Trajana ispod proseka za podunavsko-balkanske nalaze, izuzimajući gornjopanonske sa sličnim prosekom. Procentualna zastupljenost Antonina Pija i porodice (527) je ponovo niža od vrednosti u ostalim ostavama, kao i Marka Aurelija (308), koja je još niža osim kod ostava iz Donje Mezije, dok su Komodova carska izdanja (112) u granicama proseka za donjopanonske nalaze, ali nadmašuju vrednosti u drugim podunavsko-balkanskim provincijama. Najbrojnija su izdanja severijanskog razdoblja (511) i od tada se pored denara iz rimske kovnice pojavljuju i denari iz istočnih kovnica - Emese i Laodikeje (67), kovani za Septimija Severa i Juliju Domnu. Do severijanskih emisija, osim jednog već poznatog hibridnog primerka (Hadrijan - kat. 978), uočeno je više varijeteta nezabeleženih u referentnom korpusu Roman Imperial Coinage: veći broj varijanti, uglavnom u aversnoj predstavi ili primerci koji nisu pravilno opisani (Trajan, Hadrijan, Antonin Pije i porodica, doba Marka Aurelija, Komod); nekoliko hibridnih denara (cezarska izdanja Marka Aurelija - kat. 1501 i Komoda - kat. 1773) ili hibrid/denar koji upotpunjuje seriju (?) (Domicijan kao cezar - kat. 335); denari koji pokazuju da je isto kovanje u zlatu imalo pandan i u srebru (Trajan - kat. 656, 657, deifikovana Faustina I - kat. 1420, Lucije Ver - kat. 1761); tipovi nezabeleženi u referentnom korpusu (Domicijan - kat. 358, Antonin Pije - kat. 1015, 1017, 1271, Marko Aurelije - kat. 1542, 1693, 1699, 1700, Komod - kat. 1855); neregularno kovanje (A. Pije za Faustinu II - kat. 1528). Pored manjih varijanti već prisutnih u RIC-u (kat. 2396, 2401), najviše novih tipoloških kombinacija pojavljuje se Severovom kovanju i gotovo sve potiču iz istočnih kovnica: Emesa - nepoznati u referentnom korpusu (kat. 2365, 2366, 2372, 2375), hibridni primerak (kat. 2397); Laodikeja - varijante (kat. 2406, 2409), nepoznati u referentnom korpusu (kat. 2403, 2407, 2408), hibrid ili regularno kovanje (kat. 2416); varvarska imitacija (kat. 2418). Među primercima rimske kovnice javlja se još jedna hibridna vrsta sa aversom Karakale i reversom Septimija Severa (kat. 2458). Horizont ostava iz razdoblja Septimija Severa u Donjoj Panoniji, osim čortanovačke, obuhvata samo dve ostave bitno drugačije strukture: ne sadrže novac I veka i obe se završavaju malim brojem Severovih primeraka bez učešća članova porodice zbog čega pokazuju niske procente njegovih emisija - Karejenon (2,64%) i Menden (0,97%). Nizak procenat (0,66%) beleži i nalaz iz okoline Požarevca, jedini sa teritorije Gornje Mezije i datovan u prvu deceniju Severove vlade (tpq. 198. ili 199-200). S druge strane, vrlo visoke vrednosti pokazuju ostave iz Gornje Panonije (22,45%) i Donje Mezije (19,62%), dok se u ostavama iz Dakije i barbarikuma, datovanim uglavnom nešto ranije (193-198) procenat Severovih izdanja kreće od 0,13% do 4,76%. Na osnovu izvedene analize može se uslovno zaključiti (za jedan broj ostava ne raspolažemo potpunim podacima o njihovom sadržaju i datovanju) da se ostava iz Čortanovaca po sastavu izdvaja od drugih nalaza Severovog horizonta sa prostora podunavskih provincija. Zapaža se da kraj njegove vladavine predstavlja prelomnutačku u tezauraciji i da ostave pohranjene tokom II veka i ostale do 211. imaju drugačiju strukturu od ostava zakopanih u kasnijim godinama III veka kada tezauracija započinje uglavnom u vreme Antonina. Najmlađim emisijama u ostavi iz Čortanovaca pripadaju tri denara Septimija Severa iz rimske kovnice sa aversnom legendom SEVERVS PIVS AVG BRIT. Autori RIC-a primerak sa reversom P M TR P XVIII COS III P P (Jupiter) datuju kao drugu seriju iz 210 (kat. 2309), dok druga dva sa reversom VICTORIAE BRIT (Viktorija) uključuju u nedatovanu emisiju iz 210-211 (kat. 2354, 2355). Najmlađi denar Karakale koji u aversnoj titulaturi sadrži takođe naziv BRIT(annicus), a na reversu predstavu Viktorije i isti natpis VICTORIAE BRIT (kat. 2458) vezuju za interval 210-213. Prema novijoj hronologiji F. Hila, koji je izdvojio pet emisija izdatih tokom 210, najmlađi primerci u ovom nalazu bili bi datovani u 210. i razvrstani u 1. emisiju (jan.) - Severov denar sa TR P XVIII i u posebnu emisiju (Victories in Britain 2) - dva Severova i jedan Karakalin denar sa pobedničkim nazivom BRIT na aversu i reversom VICTORIAE BRIT. Tako bi 210. godina, ujedno godina tokom koje je vođena druga Severova britanska kampanja, predstavljala najraniji terminus a quo zakopavanja nalaza iz Čortanovaca. Septimije Sever, Karakala i Geta su dobili titule Britannicus Max(imus) već početkom 210, proslavljajući i posebnim monetarnim serijama uspehe na britanskom tlu od kojih su dve prisutne u nalazu iz Čortanovaca. Posle Severove smrti 4. februara 211. Karakala je sklopio mir sa neprijateljem i počeo pripreme za povratak u Rim. U traženju povoda za pohranjivanja ostave iz Čortanovaca mala je verovatnoća da je reč o nekoj opasnosti od varvarskog upada. To je vreme prosperiteta provincije tokom kojeg je Septimije Sever nastojao da Panoniju povrati od uništenja izazvanih Markomanskim ratovima i obezbedi njen ekonomski napredak. Odgovore bi, najverovatnije, trebalo tražiti u nekim privatnim razlozima, ubiranju poreza, delovanju pljačkaša ili povećanom kretanju stanovništva povezanom sa čestim razmeštanjem vojnih jedinica. Među njima, iako samo u sferi pretpostavki, izvestan oslonac nalazimo u poznatim velikim konfiskacijama zemljišnih poseda, visokim taksama i promenama u sistemu upravljanja sprovođenim za vreme vladavine Septimija Severa., The hoard of Roman coins from Čortanovci in Srem contains 2,457 denarii, one Lycian drachma and one drachma minted in the mint of Amisus, in Pontus. The oldest coins in the find are the denarii of Marcus Antonius/Nero, and the latest, those of Septimius Severus and Caracalla under Severus. The terminus a quo of the deposition of the find is provided by the denarii belonging to issue 1 (Jan.) - one denarius of Severus, and the Special Issue (Victories in Britain 2) - two denarii of Severus and one of Caracalla, all dated to 210. As the hoard did not reach the National Museum in its entirety, the possibility remains open for a somewhat later dating. The cause for the deposition of this large find should probably be sought in some reasons that could have been influenced by Severus' internal policy.",
publisher = "Narodni muzej, Beograd i Srpsko numizmatičko društvo, Beograd",
journal = "Numizmatičar",
title = "Ostava rimskog novca iz Čortanovaca u Sremu, A hoard of roman coins from Čortanovci in Srem",
pages = "281-9",
number = "29",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_129"
}

Borić-Brešković, B.,& Vojvoda, M.. (2011). Ostava rimskog novca iz Čortanovaca u Sremu. in Numizmatičar
Narodni muzej, Beograd i Srpsko numizmatičko društvo, Beograd.(29), 9-281.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_129

Borić-Brešković B, Vojvoda M. Ostava rimskog novca iz Čortanovaca u Sremu. in Numizmatičar. 2011;(29):9-281.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_129 .

Borić-Brešković, Bojana, Vojvoda, Mirjana, "Ostava rimskog novca iz Čortanovaca u Sremu" in Numizmatičar, no. 29 (2011):9-281,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rai_129 .