TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ottoni, Claudio
AU  - Borić, Dušan
AU  - Cheronet, Olivia
AU  - Sparacello, Vitale
AU  - Dori, Irene
AU  - Coppa, Alfredo
AU  - Antonović, Dragana
AU  - Vujević, Dario
AU  - Price, Douglas T.
AU  - Pinhasi, Ron
AU  - Cristiani, Emanuela
PY  - 2021
UR  - http://rai.ai.ac.rs/handle/123456789/372
AB  - Archaeological dental calculus, or mineralized plaque, is a key tool to track the evolution of oral microbiota across time in response to processes that impacted our culture and biology, such as the rise of farming during the Neolithic. However, the extent to which the human oral flora changed from prehistory until present has remained elusive due to the scarcity of data on the microbiomes of prehistoric humans. Here, we present our reconstruction of oral microbiomes via shotgun metagenomics of dental calculus in 44 ancient foragers and farmers from two regions playing a pivotal role in the spread of farming across Europe-the Balkans and the Italian Peninsula. We show that the introduction of farming in Southern Europe did not alter significantly the oral microbiomes of local forager groups, and it was in particular associated with a higher abundance of the species Olsenella sp. oral taxon 807. The human oral environment in prehistory was dominated by a microbial species, Anaerolineaceae bacterium oral taxon 439, that diversified geographically. A Near Eastern lineage of this bacterial commensal dispersed with Neolithic farmers and replaced the variant present in the local foragers. Our findings also illustrate that major taxonomic shifts in human oral microbiome composition occurred after the Neolithic and that the functional profile of modern humans evolved in recent times to develop peculiar mechanisms of antibiotic resistance that were previously absent.
PB  - Natl Acad Sciences, Washington
T2  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
T1  - Tracking the transition to agriculture in Southern Europe through ancient DNA analysis of dental calculus
IS  - 32
VL  - 118
DO  - 10.1073/pnas.2102116118
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Ottoni, Claudio and Borić, Dušan and Cheronet, Olivia and Sparacello, Vitale and Dori, Irene and Coppa, Alfredo and Antonović, Dragana and Vujević, Dario and Price, Douglas T. and Pinhasi, Ron and Cristiani, Emanuela",
year = "2021",
abstract = "Archaeological dental calculus, or mineralized plaque, is a key tool to track the evolution of oral microbiota across time in response to processes that impacted our culture and biology, such as the rise of farming during the Neolithic. However, the extent to which the human oral flora changed from prehistory until present has remained elusive due to the scarcity of data on the microbiomes of prehistoric humans. Here, we present our reconstruction of oral microbiomes via shotgun metagenomics of dental calculus in 44 ancient foragers and farmers from two regions playing a pivotal role in the spread of farming across Europe-the Balkans and the Italian Peninsula. We show that the introduction of farming in Southern Europe did not alter significantly the oral microbiomes of local forager groups, and it was in particular associated with a higher abundance of the species Olsenella sp. oral taxon 807. The human oral environment in prehistory was dominated by a microbial species, Anaerolineaceae bacterium oral taxon 439, that diversified geographically. A Near Eastern lineage of this bacterial commensal dispersed with Neolithic farmers and replaced the variant present in the local foragers. Our findings also illustrate that major taxonomic shifts in human oral microbiome composition occurred after the Neolithic and that the functional profile of modern humans evolved in recent times to develop peculiar mechanisms of antibiotic resistance that were previously absent.",
publisher = "Natl Acad Sciences, Washington",
journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
title = "Tracking the transition to agriculture in Southern Europe through ancient DNA analysis of dental calculus",
number = "32",
volume = "118",
doi = "10.1073/pnas.2102116118"
}

Ottoni, C., Borić, D., Cheronet, O., Sparacello, V., Dori, I., Coppa, A., Antonović, D., Vujević, D., Price, D. T., Pinhasi, R.,& Cristiani, E.. (2021). Tracking the transition to agriculture in Southern Europe through ancient DNA analysis of dental calculus. in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Natl Acad Sciences, Washington., 118(32).
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2102116118

Ottoni C, Borić D, Cheronet O, Sparacello V, Dori I, Coppa A, Antonović D, Vujević D, Price DT, Pinhasi R, Cristiani E. Tracking the transition to agriculture in Southern Europe through ancient DNA analysis of dental calculus. in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2021;118(32).
doi:10.1073/pnas.2102116118 .

Ottoni, Claudio, Borić, Dušan, Cheronet, Olivia, Sparacello, Vitale, Dori, Irene, Coppa, Alfredo, Antonović, Dragana, Vujević, Dario, Price, Douglas T., Pinhasi, Ron, Cristiani, Emanuela, "Tracking the transition to agriculture in Southern Europe through ancient DNA analysis of dental calculus" in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 118, no. 32 (2021),
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2102116118 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cristiani, Emanuela
AU  - Radini, Anita
AU  - Zupancich, Andrea
AU  - Gismondi, Angelo
AU  - D'Agostino, Alessia
AU  - Ottoni, Claudio
AU  - Carra, Marialetizia
AU  - Vukojičić, Snežana
AU  - Constantinescu, Mihai
AU  - Antonović, Dragana
AU  - Price, Douglas T.
AU  - Borić, Dušan
PY  - 2021
UR  - http://rai.ai.ac.rs/handle/123456789/374
AB  - Forager focus on wild cereal plants has been documented in the core zone of domestication in southwestern Asia, while evidence for forager use of wild grass grains remains sporadic elsewhere. In this paper, we present starch grain and phytolith analyses of dental calculus from 60 Mesolithic and Early Neolithic individuals from five sites in the Danube Gorges of the central Balkans. This zone was inhabited by likely complex Holocene foragers for several millennia before the appearance of the first farmers similar to 6200 cal BC. We also analyzed forager ground stone tools (GSTs) for evidence of plant processing. Our results based on the study of dental calculus show that certain species of Poaceae (species of the genus Aegi(ops) were used since the Early Mesolithic, while GSTs exhibit traces of a developed grass grain processing technology. The adoption of domesticated plants in this region after similar to 6500 cal BC might have been eased by the existing familiarity with wild cereals.
PB  - Elife Sciences Publ Ltd, Cambridge
T2  - ELIFE
T1  - Wild cereal grain consumption among Early Holocene foragers of the Balkans predates the arrival of agriculture
VL  - 10
DO  - 10.7554/eLife.72976
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Cristiani, Emanuela and Radini, Anita and Zupancich, Andrea and Gismondi, Angelo and D'Agostino, Alessia and Ottoni, Claudio and Carra, Marialetizia and Vukojičić, Snežana and Constantinescu, Mihai and Antonović, Dragana and Price, Douglas T. and Borić, Dušan",
year = "2021",
abstract = "Forager focus on wild cereal plants has been documented in the core zone of domestication in southwestern Asia, while evidence for forager use of wild grass grains remains sporadic elsewhere. In this paper, we present starch grain and phytolith analyses of dental calculus from 60 Mesolithic and Early Neolithic individuals from five sites in the Danube Gorges of the central Balkans. This zone was inhabited by likely complex Holocene foragers for several millennia before the appearance of the first farmers similar to 6200 cal BC. We also analyzed forager ground stone tools (GSTs) for evidence of plant processing. Our results based on the study of dental calculus show that certain species of Poaceae (species of the genus Aegi(ops) were used since the Early Mesolithic, while GSTs exhibit traces of a developed grass grain processing technology. The adoption of domesticated plants in this region after similar to 6500 cal BC might have been eased by the existing familiarity with wild cereals.",
publisher = "Elife Sciences Publ Ltd, Cambridge",
journal = "ELIFE",
title = "Wild cereal grain consumption among Early Holocene foragers of the Balkans predates the arrival of agriculture",
volume = "10",
doi = "10.7554/eLife.72976"
}

Cristiani, E., Radini, A., Zupancich, A., Gismondi, A., D'Agostino, A., Ottoni, C., Carra, M., Vukojičić, S., Constantinescu, M., Antonović, D., Price, D. T.,& Borić, D.. (2021). Wild cereal grain consumption among Early Holocene foragers of the Balkans predates the arrival of agriculture. in ELIFE
Elife Sciences Publ Ltd, Cambridge., 10.
https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.72976

Cristiani E, Radini A, Zupancich A, Gismondi A, D'Agostino A, Ottoni C, Carra M, Vukojičić S, Constantinescu M, Antonović D, Price DT, Borić D. Wild cereal grain consumption among Early Holocene foragers of the Balkans predates the arrival of agriculture. in ELIFE. 2021;10.
doi:10.7554/eLife.72976 .

Cristiani, Emanuela, Radini, Anita, Zupancich, Andrea, Gismondi, Angelo, D'Agostino, Alessia, Ottoni, Claudio, Carra, Marialetizia, Vukojičić, Snežana, Constantinescu, Mihai, Antonović, Dragana, Price, Douglas T., Borić, Dušan, "Wild cereal grain consumption among Early Holocene foragers of the Balkans predates the arrival of agriculture" in ELIFE, 10 (2021),
https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.72976 . .